Exam (elaborations)
HESI RN PEDS EXAM 2024/2025 Q&A With Rationale
- Course
- HESI RN PEDS
- Institution
- Rasmussen College
HESI RN PEDS EXAM 2024/2025 Q&A With Rationale
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2024 HESI RN PEDS V2 EXAM 2024-2025 QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS 100 % PASS SOLUTION A+ GRADE
A 3-month-old infant weighing 10 lb 15 oz has an axillary temperature of 98.9° F. What caloric amount does
this child need?
A. 400 calories/day
B. 500 calories/day
C.600 calories/day
D. 700 calories/day - ANS **C.
Rationale:
An infant requires 108 calories/kg/day. The first step is to change 10 lb 15 oz to 10.9 lb. Then convert
pounds to kilograms by dividing pounds by 2.2, which is 10.9/2.2 = 4.954 kg, roundedto 5 kg. The second
step is to multiply 108 calories/kg/day (108 × 5 = 540 calories/day).
However, this infant requires 10%
more calories because of the 1° F temperature elevation. Ten percent of 540 (calories/day) is54, and 540
+ 54 :594. This infant will require approximately 600 calories/day. Options A, B, and D are incorrect.
The nurse should teach the parents of a child with a cyanotic heart defect to perform whichaction when a
hypercyanotic spell occurs?
1
,A. Place the child's head flat, with the knees on pillows above the levelof the heart.
B. Have the child lie on the right side, with the head elevated on onepillow.
2
,C. Allow the child to assume a knee-chest position, with the head and
chest slightly elevated.
D. Encourage the child to sit up at a 45-degree angle, drink cold water,and take
deep breaths. - ANS **C
Rationale:
Assuming a knee-chest position with the head and chest slightly elevated will help restore hemodynamic
equilibrium. Options A and B are incorrect positions and may hinder the child'scondition. Option D may
cause chest pain or a vasovagal response, with resulting hypotension.
A 2-year-old child with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is brought to the clinic for a routine evaluation.
Which
assessment finding suggests the presence of a common complication often experienced bythose with Down
syndrome?
A. Presence of a systolic murmur
B. New onset of patchy alopecia
C. Complaints of long bone pain
D. Recent projectile vomiting - ANS **Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Congenital heart disease occurs in 40% to 50% of children with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). Defects of
the atrial or ventricular septum that create systolic murmurs are the most common heart defects
associated with this congenital anomaly. Options B, C, and D are not recognized as common complications
of trisomy 21.
3
, The nurse is teaching an adolescent girl with scoliosis about a Milwaukee brace that her health care provider
has prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client?
A. Remove the brace 1 hour each day for bathing only.
B. Remove the brace only for back range-of-motion exercises
C. Wear the brace against the bare skin to ensure a good fit
D. Wearing the brace will cure the spinal curvature. - ANS **ARationale:
The Milwaukee brace is designed to slow the progression in spinal curvature while the adolescent is
growing. The brace should be worn 23 hours a day and removed a total of 1 houra day for hygiene. There
are no specific exercises for increasing the range of motion in the back that should be performed. A T
shirt should be worn next to the body and the brace put on over the T shirt to protect the skin. The brace
will not cure the spinal curvature but should slow the progression of the scoliosis.
Prophylactic antibiotics are prescribed for a child who has mitral valve damage. The nurse should advise
the parents to give the antibiotics prior to which occurrence?
A. Adjustment of orthodontic appliances or braces
B. Loss of deciduous teeth (baby teeth)
C. Urinary catheterization
D. Insect bites - ANS **C.
Rationale:
4
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