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LMPT Test 3 – Questions With proper Answers
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LMPT Test 3 – Questions With proper Answers
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LMPT Test 3 – Questions With proper AnswersEPO #1 Right Ans - Identify underlying causes of artifact collecting and
trafficking in the United States.
Archeological Resource Right Ans - Material remains of past human life or
activities which are of archeological interest and at least 100 years old.
Pre-contact Right Ans - Before arrival of the Europeans
Historic (archeleologocal resource context) Right Ans - 1500-1600 A.D.
Causes of artifact collecting Right Ans - public fascination with past
commercial value
limited supply of
archeological resources
supply and demand
EPO #2 Right Ans - ID important dates and events in historical
development of archeological resource crime
First call for federal legislation to protect sites Right Ans - 1882
First efforts to enact federal archeological protection law Right Ans - 1882-
1906
Antiquities act enacted Right Ans - 1906
US vs DIAZ Right Ans - 1973-1974
ARPA Enacted Right Ans - 1979
NAGPRA Right Ans - 1990
EPO #3 Right Ans - ID elements of ARPA, NAGPRA, etc...
ARPA Elements Right Ans - 1 Jurisdiction
a. Public Lands held in fee by US
b. Indian Lands held in trust or subject to a restriction from alienation
, 2 Archeological Resource
a. of archeological interest
b. at least 100 years old
3 Prohibited Acts
4 Without or in violation of permit
5 General intent
a. designed by congress to be general intent
b. 9th circuit requires specific intent
ARPA penalties Right Ans - 1. Archeological resource value plus cost of
restoration/repair
2. Misdemeanor and felony rules apply
3. Second offense is felony
4. Forfeiture of all instrumentalities of crime except real property.
5. 470ff civil penalties
NAGPRA Trafficking Elements (18 USC 1170) Right Ans - 1. Knowingly
2. Sells, purchases, uses for profit, or transports for sale or profit
3. the human remains of a Native American
4. without right of possession as provided by NAGPRA
NAGPRA Penalties Right Ans - First Offense misdemeanor
Second Offense Felony
NAGPRA Misc Right Ans - 1. Native American remains cannot be sold
without permission
2. Native American remains do not have to come from Federal or Indian lands
3. Cultural items (associated funerary objects) must come from Federal or
Indian lands.
Tools Used by AGPRA & NAGPRA Violators Right Ans - Sifting Screens
Shovels
Probes
Metal Detectors
Camouflage
GPS
Flippers
Countermeasures ran by Looters Right Ans - Direct Entry
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