Exam (elaborations)
NCLEX - Pediatrics Gastrointestinal questions with correct answers
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- Maryville University Of St. Louis
NCLEX - Pediatrics Gastrointestinal questions with correct answers
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NCLEX - Pediatrics Gastrointestinal questions withcorrect answers
A mother of an infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease asks the
nurse about the disorder. The nurse plans to base the response on which
information?
1.It is a complete small intestinal obstruction.
2.It is a congenital aganglionosis or megacolon.
3.It is a severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
4.It is a condition that causes the pyloric valve to remain open. Correct
Answer-2.It is a congenital aganglionosis or megacolon.
Hirschsprung's disease, also known as "congenital aganglionosis" or
"megacolon," is the result of an absence of ganglion cells in the rectum
and to varying degrees upward in the colon. Options 1, 3, and 4 are
incorrect.
An infant returns to the nursing unit following surgery for an esophageal
atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). The infant is receiving
intravenous (IV) fluids, and a gastrostomy tube is in place. The nurse
assisting in caring for the infant should ensure that which action is done
to the gastrostomy tube?
1.Elevated
2.Placed to gravity
3.Attached to low suction
,4.Taped to the bed linens Correct Answer-1.Elevated
In the immediate postoperative period, the gastrostomy tube is elevated,
allowing gastric contents to pass to the small intestine and air to escape.
This promotes comfort and decreases the risk of leakage at the
anastomosis. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect
The nurse prepares to administer a pancreatic enzyme powder to the
child with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which food item should the nurse mix
with the medication?
1.Tapioca
2.Applesauce
3.Hot oatmeal
4.Mashed potatoes Correct Answer-2.Applesauce
Pancreatic enzyme powders are not to be mixed with hot foods or foods
containing tapioca or other starches. Enzyme powder should be mixed
with nonfat, nonprotein foods such as applesauce. Pancreatic enzymes
are inactivated by heat and are partially degraded by gastric acids.
The nurse is reviewing the record of a child with a diagnosis of pyloric
stenosis. Which data should the nurse expect to note as having been
documented in the child's record?
1.Watery diarrhea
,2.Projectile vomiting
3.Increased urine output
4.Vomiting large amounts of bile Correct Answer-2.Projectile vomiting
Signs and symptoms of pyloric stenosis include projectile, nonbilious
vomiting; irritability; hunger and crying; constipation; and signs of
dehydration, including a decrease in urine output.
The nurse is reinforcing instructions to the parents of a child with a
hernia regarding measures that will promote reducing the hernia. The
nurse determines that the parents understand these measures if they
make which statement?
."We will encourage our child to cough every few hours on a daily
basis."
2."We will make sure that our child participates in physical activity
every day."
3."We will provide comfort measures to reduce any crying periods by
our child."
4."We will be sure to give our child a Fleet enema every day to prevent
constipation." Correct Answer-3."We will provide comfort measures to
reduce any crying periods by our child."
A warm bath and comfort measures to reduce crying periods are all
simple measures to promote reducing a hernia. Coughing and crying
increase the strain on the hernia. Likewise, physical activities and
enemas of any type would increase the strain on the hernia.
, The nurse is checking the status of jaundice in a child with hepatitis.
Which location should the nurse check to ascertain if the child is
jaundiced?
1.The mucous membranes
2.The skin in the sacral area
3.The skin in the abdominal area
4.The membranes in the ear canal Correct Answer-1.The mucous
membranes
Jaundice, if present, is best checked in the sclera, nail beds, and mucous
membranes. Generalized jaundice will appear in the skin throughout the
body. Option 4 is not an appropriate assessment area for the presence of
jaundice.
The nurse is monitoring a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of
imperforate anus. Which assessment finding is unassociated with this
diagnosis?
1.The presence of stool in the urine
2.Failure to pass a rectal thermometer
3.The passage of currant jelly-like stool
4.Failure to pass meconium in the first 24 hours after birth Correct
Answer-3.The passage of currant jelly-like stool
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