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Tanner Stage 2 - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Increased rugae of scrotum,
testes enlarge. Breast bud. Straight sparse hair.
Tanner Stage 3 - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Penis elongates. Pencil penis.
Scrotal color darkens. Breast tissue and areola are one mound.
Darkened hair, starts to curl.
Tanner 4 - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Penis thickens and increases in size.
Areola/nipple separate for secondary mound. Curly hair, not on medial
thigh.
When does menarche begin? - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->After Tanner
stage 2, within 1-2 years. Delayed puberty if no secondary sexual
characteristics by 12-13 in girls and 14 in boys.
Trisomy 21 - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Down Syndrome. Risk with
advanced maternal age. Microcephaly, flat nose, hypotonia, simian
crease.
Marfan's Syndrome - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Pectus excavatum. Tall,
wide arm span. Risk of MVP, aneurysm, aortic regurgitation. Do not
clear for sports.
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, Turner's Syndrome - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->FEMALE. Lymphedema in
utero, webbed neck, LD, widely spaced nipples, HTN coarctation of
aorta.
Klienfelter's Syndrome - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Extra X in males. More
feminine. Will see in puberty. Infertile, hypogonadism, low
testosterone. Tall, lanky, underdeveloped sexually.
Caput succadeum - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Sutures cross midline,
spreads.
Caphalohematoma - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Sutures do not cross
midline, more significant.
When does anterior fontanelle close? - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->18
months
When does posterior fontanelle close? - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->2-3
months
Abrnomal red reflex - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Black or white.
Retinoblastoma, cataracts, osteogenesis perfecta. White specks in
down syndrome.
Edward's Syndrome - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Trisomy 18. Small mouth.
High pitched cry.
Newborn screening tests - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->PKU (phenylalanine),
can lead to hyperactivity and mental retardation. Hypothyroid. If not
treated, mental retardation. Sickle cell. Galactessemia, maple smell to
urine, septic.
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, Hordeolum - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Stye. Pain, edema. Bacitracin
ophthalmic ointment.
STD conjunctivitis. - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Emergency. Rocephin for
gonorrhea.
Gonococcola Ophthamlia Neonatorum - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->2-4
days after birth. Red eye, purulent discharge, swollen eyelids. GC
culture, Thayer Martin, ROCEPHIN.
Chalmydial Ophthalmia Trachoma - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->4-10 days
after birth. Edematous, red, profuse WATERY discharge that becomes
purulent. Azithromycin, erythmocycin.
Otitis externa - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Fungal. Odor, black specks.
Clotramizole. Pain with tragus/pinna. Corticosporin
Sensorineuro hearing loss in PEDS - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Syphilis,
acoustic neuroma, aminoglycoside (gentamycin)
Epiglottitis - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Bacterial. Thumb sign on x-ray.
Croup - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Viral. Steeple sign on x-ray.
Bronchioloitis - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->RSV, adenovirus. Under 3.
Lower respi. URI, fever, nasal flaring, stridor.If a preemie, synegis.
Intermittent Asthma peds - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->SABA, 2 puffs q 4-6
hours. Peak 30 min-2 hours, lasts 4-6.
S. pneumonia (CAP) peds - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Lobar consolidation.
Tx with penicillin.
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, H. influenza pneumonia peds - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Lobar
consolidation. Amoxicillin or cephalosporin.
M. cataralis or mycoplasma - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Linear.
Azithromycin.
Neurofibromatosis - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Cafe au lait spots.
Neurofibromas. Eye nodules. Freckling.
Peds IDA - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Slow GI loss, too much whole milk.
PICA. Flat shaped nails. Ferritin low. 6-9 month treatments. 3-6 mg/kg
day of iron
Thalassemia peds - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Asymptomatic. Enlarged
spleen, tachypnea, tachycardia, prominence in facial bones. TIBC not
increased . Electrophoresis.
Sickle Cell Peds - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Vasocclusive crisis. Symptoms
in stress, heat, overexerting. Howel Jolly Bodies. Reticulocytosis.
Hydrate, oxygenate, pain managemnet.
Hemophilia - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Factor VIII. Mother/daughter carry
gene but presents in males. Bleed into joints.
Lead Poisoning - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Over 10 refer. IDA. Butonion
line, gingival border. Kelation therapy.
Leukemia peds - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->Chronically tired, pale, resp.
infections. Blast cells, peripheral smear, WBC
HIV testing - ---CORRECT ANSWER-->ELISA in older child. PCR in infant.
Western blot confirms. More than 800 CD4 count normal, viral load less
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than 5000 or 0/undetectable.
