BIO 201 Arizona College of Nursing Mid Term Study Guide Rated A+
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BIO 201 Arizona College of Nursing Mid
Institution
BIO 201 Arizona College Of Nursing Mid
BIO 201 Arizona College of Nursing Mid
Term Study Guide Rated A+
What key event occurs during prophase of mitosis?
During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope
begins to break down, setting the stage for chromosome alignment.
How do the properti...
BIO 201 Arizona College of Nursing Mid
Term Study Guide Rated A+
What key event occurs during prophase of mitosis?
✔✔During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope
begins to break down, setting the stage for chromosome alignment.
How do the properties of water support life on Earth?
✔✔Water’s unique properties, such as high specific heat, cohesion, and solvent abilities,
facilitate biochemical reactions and help regulate temperature in living organisms.
What distinguishes passive transport from active transport in cells?
✔✔Passive transport moves substances across cell membranes without energy input, relying on
concentration gradients, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their
gradients.
How does the structure of the small intestine enhance nutrient absorption?
✔✔The small intestine has folds, villi, and microvilli that increase the surface area, allowing for
more efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
1
,What role do transcription factors play in gene expression?
✔✔Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences, regulating the
transcription of genes and influencing the cell's response to environmental signals.
How does feedback inhibition regulate metabolic pathways?
✔✔Feedback inhibition prevents excessive accumulation of a product by inhibiting an enzyme
involved in its synthesis when the product reaches a certain concentration, maintaining balance
in metabolic pathways.
What is the significance of biodiversity in an ecosystem?
✔✔Biodiversity enhances resilience and stability in ecosystems, ensuring that a variety of
species can adapt to changes and disturbances, which contributes to ecosystem health and
functionality.
How do leukocytes contribute to the body’s defense mechanism?
✔✔Leukocytes, or white blood cells, play a crucial role in the immune response by identifying
and destroying pathogens, producing antibodies, and coordinating the overall immune response.
2
,What adaptations allow plants to thrive in arid environments?
✔✔Plants in arid environments may develop thick cuticles, deep root systems, and water-storing
tissues to minimize water loss and maximize water uptake, enhancing their survival in dry
conditions.
How do vaccines prime the immune system for future infections?
✔✔Vaccines introduce a harmless component or weakened form of a pathogen, stimulating the
immune system to produce memory cells that enable a quicker and more effective response upon
future exposure.
What is the function of the lymphatic system in maintaining fluid balance?
✔✔The lymphatic system collects excess interstitial fluid and returns it to the bloodstream,
helping to maintain fluid balance and contribute to immune function.
How do structural proteins differ from functional proteins in the body?
✔✔Structural proteins provide support and shape to cells and tissues, while functional proteins,
such as enzymes and antibodies, perform specific biological functions essential for metabolism
and defense.
3
, What impact does pollution have on cellular respiration in aquatic organisms?
✔✔Pollution can deplete oxygen levels in water, impairing cellular respiration in aquatic
organisms, which can lead to stress, reduced growth, and increased mortality rates.
How do hormones influence growth and development in organisms?
✔✔Hormones act as signaling molecules that regulate growth and development processes by
activating specific genes and pathways, guiding processes such as puberty and tissue repair.
What is the role of ATP in cellular energy transfer?
✔✔Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, transferring
energy from metabolic reactions to power cellular processes like muscle contraction and active
transport.
How does the immune system differentiate between self and non-self cells?
✔✔The immune system uses specific markers on cell surfaces, known as antigens, to identify
self-cells as part of the body and non-self-cells as foreign, triggering an immune response against
invaders.
What is anatomy and physiology?
4
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