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PNB 2250 EXAM 4 (final exam review) Study Guide with Complete Solutions $11.49   Add to cart

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PNB 2250 EXAM 4 (final exam review) Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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  • PNB 2250

PNB 2250 EXAM 4 (final exam review) Study Guide with Complete Solutions stimulus - Ans:-detection by interaction with cellular proteins a change in cellular properties that generates a signal to other cells (chemical and electrical) causes a change in physiological state Control Systems - Ans...

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  • October 24, 2024
  • 59
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • PNB 2250
  • PNB 2250
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GraceAmelia
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




PNB 2250 EXAM 4 (final exam review)
Study Guide with Complete Solutions


stimulus - Ans:✔✔-detection by interaction with cellular proteins




a change in cellular properties that generates a signal to other cells


(chemical and electrical)




causes a change in physiological state


Control Systems - Ans:✔✔-(1) measure


(2) compare to desired values


(3) compute what changes need to be made


(4) correct and carry out


negative feedback process - Ans:✔✔-limited the change in physiological process

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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




most common


postive feedback - Ans:✔✔-Accelerates the change in a physiological process




Inherently uncontrollable




Found in clotting and reproduction


feedback systems - Ans:✔✔-either on or off




there is no in between


homeostasis is based on 2 types of cells - Ans:✔✔-Neurons -- capable of electrical current flows across

membrane




Endocrine cells - Release of chemical messengers into the blood


differences between neurons and endocrine cells in homeostasis - Ans:✔✔-(1) signal speed

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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




(2) number of cells affect


(3) precision


(4) extensive overlap


what is regulated? - Ans:✔✔-critical factors that can cause rapid death (T, pH, amount of O2, etc)




less critical yet still improtant (blood levels of nutrients)


endocrine signaling - Ans:✔✔-Regulated secretion of extracellular signal




Diffusion of signal into blood & circulation throughout body




Diffusion of signal into extracellular space




Binding (interacting) with target cell




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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




slower time frame, longer lasting effects




diffusion towards target cells, recognition effect


endocrine vs exocrine secretion - Ans:✔✔-endocrine (inner secretion)




exocrine (outer secretion)




sensory cells --> afferent (into) CNS input --> efferent (out of) response


paracrine vs autocrine - Ans:✔✔-paracrine (secretion to neighbors)




autocrine (secretion to oneself)


endocrine tissue - Ans:✔✔-Cells or glands (Derived from epithelium but also nervous tissue)




hormones (chemical messengers) very low concentrations



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