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Exam (elaborations)

NU317 Exam #4 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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  • NU 2024

NU317 Exam #4 Study Guide with Complete Solutions three functions of kidneys - Ans:-urine formation, electrolyte/ BP balance, production of erythropoietin s/s of AKI - Ans:-decreased urine output, swelling in legs ankles and around eyes, fatigue, SOB, confusion, nausea, chest pain or pressure,...

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  • October 24, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NU 2024
  • NU 2024
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GraceAmelia
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




NU317 Exam #4 Study Guide with
Complete Solutions


three functions of kidneys - Ans:✔✔-urine formation, electrolyte/ BP balance, production of

erythropoietin


s/s of AKI - Ans:✔✔-decreased urine output, swelling in legs ankles and around eyes, fatigue, SOB,

confusion, nausea, chest pain or pressure, and seizures/ coma in severe cases


meds that affect kidney fxn - Ans:✔✔-NSAIDs, ARBs/ ACEi, diuretics, MRAs, metformin, antibiotics (ex:

vancomycin)


AKI anuric UOP - Ans:✔✔-less than 100 mL per day


AKI oliguric UOP - Ans:✔✔-less than 500 mL per day


AKI non-oliguric UOP - Ans:✔✔-more than 500 mL per day


what is a vital sign that may indicate that kidneys aren't profusing - Ans:✔✔-orthostatic vitals


pre-renal AKI - Ans:✔✔-hypovolemic states, hypervolemic states, hypotension, dysregulation of renal

vasculature

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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




acute glomerulonephritis - Ans:✔✔-hematuria, proteinurea, HTN, pyuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema,

HLD


acute tubular necrosis - Ans:✔✔-most common cause of AKI; often caused by prolonged or severe

ischemia or nephrotoxic exposure; can be associated with sepsis or shock, oliguria, inability to

concentrate urine


specific gravity levels - Ans:✔✔-1.005 dilute to 1.030 concentrated


acute interstitial nephritis - Ans:✔✔-often drug-induced, sterile pyuria, classic triad (fever, rash, and

serum eosinophilia)


renal vascular disease - Ans:✔✔-Impaired blood flow and renal ischemia activate the Renin-angiotensin-

aldosterone mechanism in an effort to raise renal perfusion pressure


Post-renal AKI causes - Ans:✔✔-Secondary to obstruction of urinary outflow


Usually no kidney damage


Reversible once obstruction resolved


post-renal AKI examples - Ans:✔✔-bladder outlet obstruction (cancer), kidney stones, metastatic cancer,

retroperitoneal fibrosis


causes of AKI in hospitalized patients - Ans:✔✔-45% is acute tubular necrosis and 21% is pre-renal AKI



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