FAML 400 Quiz/47 Questions and
Answers
Paradigms/ philosophies of science - -"Radical changes or shifts in scientific
views are known as paradigm shifts (Kuhn 1970). These shifts occur after
significant data that do not fit the current theory have been gathered. Thus,
a new theory is needed to explain the data According to Kuhn, in the natural
sciences, paradigm shifts change science dramatically, as did Einstein's
theory of relativity or the fact that Columbus did not, in face, fall off the end
of the earth. In the social sciences, paradigm shifts are not as obvious,
because we do not evaluate our theories from the standpoint of truth, but
rather how useful they are. We, as scholars, cannot define what is true for all
humans or families, so neither can our theoretical perspectives in radical
ways."
-3 paradigms of science - -positivism, interpretive, conflict/critical
-Positivism (Family Development Theory, Exchange Theory)- - -Fact. Things
that just are, for example gravity. For example scientific experiments: have
the purpose of being able to Control what is studied and predict the
outcome. Deterministic: Cause and Effect.
-Interpretive (Symbolic Theory, Structural Functionalism Theory, Systems
Theory)- - -Opposite of Positivism. "It depends." What is important is how
each person interprets it regardless of fact. For example: Fact: Someone
smiled at me. Possible Interpretations: They like me, They want a date OR
They are just being polite. In other words, it's the book we write, which may
or may not be based on the actual but rather because we believe it is our
truth.
-Conflict/Critical (Feminist Theory and Conflict Theory)- - -There are 2
groups of people the Haves and Have-nots. Life is viewed as conflict between
the 2 groups. These theories raise consciousness of oppression and
prejudice, etc. Generally: The Haves do not want change and The Have-nots
do want change which can result in revolution, systems changes, etc.
-elder oaks reason and revelation - -▪ Knowledge as to things of the world is
expanding, but we are forgetting to expand our knowledge about the plan
that God has for us as His children.
▪ To gain knowledge about God and the truths of His gospel we must study
and reason and faith and revelation.
▪ Reason and revelation are ways we learn.
▪ Many who only study reason feel negatively toward religion. They are not
open to the fact that we can use revelation as a learning tool.
, ▪ For centuries man has denied God and relied on human intellect.
▪ Scholars realized that they had been depriving themselves. The people
with Western thinking were looking to much to political and social reforms.
They were missing out on their spiritual life.
▪ If we focus on either reason or revelation more in our lives then we can
loose balance and our viewpoint on things will change.
▪ We need to feel the spirit to gain knowledge and have revelation. This
happens through our five senses. When we are relying on reasoning alone
reason is our god and how we get knowledge.
▪ Beware of self serving motives
▪ Relationship Between Reason and Revelation
Coequal partners- They are not.
Division of Sovereignty- Science and Religion
Sequential- Sacred knowledge. Study and reason come first and revelation
comes second.
▪ "In sequential relationship between reason and revelation, it is important
that reason have what we can call "the first word" and that revelation have
"the last word" So...STUDY IT OUT!
▪ Once you have studied take your knowledge to the Lord for his approval.
▪ Revelation Authentication Test
1. True revelation will edify the recipient.
2. The content of a true revelation must be consistent with the position and
responsibilities of the person who receives it.
3. True revelation must be consistent with the principles of the gospel as
revealed in the scriptures and the teachin
-wallace wheel - -theory, hypothesis, design research, observation,
generalization, theory construction
-inductive reasoning - -Moving from specific bits of information toward a
general idea
-deductive reasoning - -Taking a general idea from a theory and testing it to
tease out the details
-purpose of theories - -▪ Theory is a tool to understand and describe what
goes on around us.
▪ A theory is a general framework of ideas and how they relate to each
other.
▪ Theories can be used to ask and answer questions about particular
phenomena.
-five functions of a theory - -descriptive, sensitizing, integrative,
explanatory, value
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