As a person ages what happens to the hormones related to sleep? - Answer-growth hormone decreases
melatonin production decreases
circadian rhythm - Answer-a pattern based on a 24 hour cycle
The decrease in hormones leads to a shift in the circadian rhythm causing what? - Answer-many older ad...
Nursing 163 Final Exam Questions and
Answers
As a person ages what happens to the hormones related to sleep? - Answer-growth
hormone decreases
melatonin production decreases
circadian rhythm - Answer-a pattern based on a 24 hour cycle
The decrease in hormones leads to a shift in the circadian rhythm causing what? -
Answer-many older adults to feel sleepy earlier in the evening and awake earlier in the
morning - phase advance
What does the alteration in the circadian rhythm result from? - Answer-drop in core
body temperature
decreased light exposure
genetic factors
Why are sleep interruption and nocturnal awakening common in older adults? - Answer-
because older adults are more easily amused by environmental noise or stimuli
Stage 1: NREM - Answer-lightest level of sleep
last a few minutes
decreased physiologic activity
person is easily aroused by sensory stimuli
awakened person feels as though day dreaming has occurred
Stage 2: NREM - Answer-period of sound sleep
relaxation progresses
arousal is still relatively easy
stage lasts 10 to 20 minutes
body functions continue to slow
Stage 3: NREM - Answer-involves initial phase of deep sleep
difficult to arouse and rarely moves
muscles are completely relaxed
lasts 15-30 minutes
Stage 4: NREM - Answer-the deepest stage of sleep
sleeper is difficult to arouse
if sleep loss has occurred sleeper will spend considerable portion of the night here
vital signs lower than waking hours
lasts 15-30 minutes
, REM sleep - Answer-vivid, full color dreaming may occur
usually begins 90 minutes after sleep has begun
typified by autonomic response of rapidly moving eyes, fluctuating heart and respiratory
rates and fluctuating BP.
loss of skeletal muscle tone occurs
gastric secretions increase
very difficult to arouse
duration increases with each cycle and lasts an average of 20 minutes
What are some reasons for the older population to have poor sleep patterns? - Answer-
pain
chronic respiratory or cardiovascular problems
frequent elimination
nocturnal movement disorders
anxiety
depression
delirium
excessive stimuli
caffeine
alcohol
tobacco
sedentary lifestyle
In what stages of sleep do the older population spend most of their sleep? - Answer-
more often in stage 1 NREM then stages 3&4 with less REM stage
What are common sleep disorders in the elderly? - Answer-insomnia
sleep apnea
circadian rhythm sleep disorders
REM sleep behaviors
Which drug should be taken in the AM to avoid interrupting sleep with going to the
restroom? - Answer-Lasix
Which type of drugs block the production of melatonin? - Answer-alpha and beta
blockers
What should we do with care to allow for sleep for patients and minimize disturbances?
- Answer-group care
How should we plan bedtimes? - Answer-as the patient desires
Dyspareuria - Answer-discomfort during intercourse related to post menopausal
changes
What are some post menopausal changes? - Answer-1. irritation of external genitals
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