UTA Pharmacology Exam Latest 2024 |
Pharmacology Exam 2- UTA 2024 Questions
and Correct Answers Rated A+
What is the method of action of beta blockers? -ANSWER-blocks beta
1 (cardio selective) and/or beta 2 (non-cardio selective) receptors to
reduce BP/CO/Contractility
What are the prototype beta blocking drugs? Why are they different? -
ANSWER-Propranolol (Inderal)-non-cardio selective - works on B1
and B2 receptors
Atenolol (Tenormin)-cardio selective -works only on beta 1 receptors
Why are beta blockers used? -ANSWER-treatment of angina, post MI,
HTN, migraines, glaucoma, HF
What are the major side effects of beta blockers? -ANSWER-
SERIOUS: CHF/MI, severe bradycardia, heart block, dysrhythmias,
bronchospasm (noncardio selective), hypersensitivity reaction
COMMON: bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, drowsiness,
cold extremities
Beta blocker drug interactions -ANSWER-loop diuretics (reduce
preload- lower BP)
Calcium channel blockers (decrease BP, slow HR)
Insulin (pt may not recognize signs of hypoglycemia)
How will you know if a beta blocker is working? -ANSWER-reduced
HR, BP
,What is the prototype alpha 1 agonist? What do they treat? -
ANSWER-tamsulosin (Flowmax)-BPH
Phentamine (Regitine)- HTN
What is the prototype alpha 2 agonist? -ANSWER-Clonidine
What do both alpha agonist drugs treat? -ANSWER-HTN
What classes of drugs treat mainly hypertension? -ANSWER-beta
blockers, ACE inhibitors, arbs, Calcium channel blockers
What is the prototype ACE inhibitor? -ANSWER-Lipitor (Zestril)
What is the prototype ARB? -ANSWER-Losartan (Cozaar)
What are the two types of calcium channel blockers? How are they
different? -ANSWER-Dihydropiridines (Dilate)- given for HTN only
Non-dihydropiridens (Nodes)- given for HTN and to slow HR
What are the 3 calcium channel blocker prototype drugs? -ANSWER-
nifedipine (procardia)
Verapamil (calan)
Diltiazem (cardizem)
Why is lisinopril (Zestril) given? -ANSWER-antihtn
What is the method of action of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? -
ANSWER-prevent sodium and water reabsorption by inhibiting
aldosterone secretion. This causes diuresis, which lowers blood
volume and return to the heart. This reduces preload and lowers work
of the heart
,What is different about lisinopril (Zestriil) an ACE inhibitor, compared
to other antihypertensives? -ANSWER-the accumulation of bradykinin-
patient may experience a cough.
What are the side effects of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? -
ANSWER--orthostatic hypotension, hyperkalemia, photo sensitivity,
anaphylaxis, angioedema
-The first dose may lower blood pressure and give the patient a bad
taste in their mouth
What are the contraindications for ACE inhibitors and arbs? Lisinopril
(Zestril) & Losartan (Cozaar) -ANSWER-pregnancy, allergy, renal
artery stenosis, high potassium level, high lithium level
What are the drug interactions of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? -
ANSWER--NSAIDS (reduce AHTN effect)
-potassium supplements
-potassium sparing diuretics
ARB, Losartan (Cozaar), is a potent _________ -ANSWER-
vasodilators
What are the side effects of arbs, Losartan (Cozaar)? -ANSWER-
chest pain, fatigue, hypoglycemia, diarrhea, UTI, anemia, weakness,
liver toxicity
ARB, Lozartan (Cozaar), is less effective in what kind of patients? -
ANSWER-african americans
ARBS (Losartan) block the ______ of AII
ACES (Lisinopril) block the ______ of AII -ANSWER-action
, Formation
What is the calcium channel blockers method of action?
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Verapamil (Calan)
Diltiazem (Cardizem) -ANSWER-prevents muscle contractions and
promotes muscle relaxation. The relaxation of the muscles that
surround the coronary arteries and causes them to dilates which
increases blood flow
What are the contraindications of ccbs?
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Verapamil (Calan)
Diltiazem (Cardizem) -ANSWER-AV Block
Liver dysfunction
Hypotension
Dysthymias
Allergy
What are the side effects of ccbs?
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Verapamil (Calan)
Diltiazem (Cardizem) -ANSWER-constipation, dizziness, headache,
peripheral edema, bradycardia, heart block, Eczema
What kinds of diuretics are there? -ANSWER-Loop, Thiazide,
Postassium sparing
What kind of diuretic is Furosemide (Lasix)? -ANSWER-LOOP
