When caring for sickle cell patients what is the priority? - ️️First: Oxygen
Second: Pain medication
Third: Hydration
What lab do yo monitor with warfarin? Heparin? - ️️Warfarin - PT
Heparin - PTT and INR and Antifactor XA
What is the 3 step process of clot formation? - ️️1. Platel...
AHN 447 Exam 5 (Hematology &
HIV/AIDS)
When caring for sickle cell patients what is the priority? - ✔️✔️First: Oxygen
Second: Pain medication
Third: Hydration
What lab do yo monitor with warfarin? Heparin? - ✔️✔️Warfarin - PT
Heparin - PTT and INR and Antifactor XA
What is the 3 step process of clot formation? - ✔️✔️1. Platelet aggregation - begins the
formation of a platelet plug
2. Blood clotting - a cascade of events triggered by the formation of the platelet plug;
release of clotting factors
3. Fibrin clot formation - last phase of blood clotting
large proteins, assist with immune function - ✔️✔️globulins
a multi-step process of controlled blood clotting - ✔️✔️homeostasis
produces RBC, WBC, and platelets - ✔️✔️bone marrow
What are the direct thrombin inhibitors? - ✔️✔️Eliquix, Praxada, Xarelto
What is the benefit of direct thrombin inhibitors? What is the disadvantage? - ✔️✔️no
need to monitor labs; lack of antidote to administer
What are the indirect thrombin inhibitors? - ✔️✔️heparin, lovenox
What is important to know about St. John's Worts and Ginkgo biloba? - ✔️✔️they
inhibit platelet activity and should not be done with platelet inhibitors (plavix, aspirin,
brilinta)
Where should you assess a dark skin toned pt for discoloration? - ✔️✔️oral mucus
membranes and conjunctiva of the eye
What foods should a pt who is iron deficient incorporate? - ✔️✔️- organ meats, lean
beef, broccoli, oysters, beans, and strawberries
- vegitarians can sub meats with soy beans, raisins, tofu, and bok choy
, What is included in a warfarin diet? And what should you teach them? - ✔️✔️- avoid
large amounts of kale, spinach, and collard greens
- teach consistency
- maintain established eating patterns
What treatment should you try to avoid in sickle cell pts and why? - ✔️✔️try to avoid
repeated blood transfusions due to increased risk of side effects
What is the treatment for a sickle cell crisis? - ✔️✔️- 48 hours of IV analgesics
(morphine or dilaudid)
- hydroxyurea (Droxia): can reduce # of sickling and pain episodes, but serious side
effects
- Hypotonic solutions (D5W or D5/.45%) usually at a high rate
What is the hallmark manifestation of B12 deficiency anemia? - ✔️✔️beefy, red tongue
What are the causes of B12 deficiency anemia? - ✔️✔️- poor intake of foods
containing vitamin B12
- small bowel resection
- tapeworm
- overgrowth of intestinal bacteria
What foods are rich in vitamin B12? - ✔️✔️egg, milk, salmon, liver, beef, yogurt,
fortified cereal, nutritional yeast, dairy products
results from failure to absorb vitamin B12; deficiency of the intrinsic factor -
✔️✔️pernicious anemia
deficiency of circulating RBC's due to bone marrow not producing - ✔️✔️aplastic
anemia
What are the 3 major factors of polycythemia vera? - ✔️✔️- excessive production of
RBC's
- excessive leukocyte production
- excessive production of platelets
cancer of the RBC'S - ✔️✔️polycythemia vera
What is the treatment for polycythemia vera? - ✔️✔️- phlebotomy 2-5x/wk (apheresis:
remove RBC's, return plasma)
- hydration (at least 3 L a day), anticoagulants
What should you teach your pt with polycythemia vera? - ✔️✔️- wear support hose or
stockings while awake
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