ITLS TEST EXAM ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS)
/ALREADY GRADED A+
Which injuries are by and large responsible for the majority of mortality from trauma in
the world? - ANSWERMotion
What are the three separate events in an MVC? - ANSWERMachine collision, body
collision, organ collision
Five forms of MVCs? - ANSWERFrontal, lateral, rear, rollover, rotational
Common injuries for frontal collisions? - ANSWERWindshield, whiplash, steering wheel,
compression, dashboard
Common injuries for lateral collisions? - ANSWERLateral displacement, side impact
Common injuries for rear collisions? - ANSWERWhiplash, spinal, deceleration
Common injuries for rollover collisions? - ANSWERAxial-loading, ejections, impact,
whiplash, etc.
Common injuries for rotational collisions? - ANSWERfrontal impact, lateral impact
injuries
Should you board someone with a penetrating injury if the injury is not near the spine? -
ANSWERNo
What are the five different blast injuries? - ANSWERPrimary, secondary, tertiary,
quaternary, quinary
Primary blast injuries? - ANSWERinitial air blast
,Secondary blast injuries? - ANSWERshrapnel hits
Tertiary blast injuries? - ANSWERbody being thrown into ground or other objects
Quaternary blast injuries? - ANSWERThermal burns or respiratory injuries from
inhalation of fumes
Quinary blast injuries? - ANSWERcontamination by chemical, biological, or radiological
material
What is the highest cause of death in young people? - ANSWERTrauma
What are the three things that you're allowed to interrupt the primary survey? -
ANSWERScene becomes unsafe, treatment of airway obstruction, treatment of cardiac
arrest
What's the goal to complete primary survey? - ANSWERless than two minutes and on
scene time of 5 minutes or less
What is the "fix-it" process? - ANSWERDelegating to team interventions and continuing
the assessment
What's the first thing to be done in a trauma? - ANSWERControl bleeding then airway
If the chest is moving but you don't feel air, is the pt breathing adequately? - ANSWERNo
What is the general rule for all patients with multi-system trauma? - ANSWERHigh-flow
supplemental oxygen, keeping the pulse oximeter reading around 95% rather than 100%
What should be done with bleeding that is not controlled with pressure? -
ANSWERTourniquet, if a hemostatic agent and pressure fails.
When should you obtain a SAMPLE history and why? - ANSWERAt the same time you
are performing the pt assessment (another EMT can be doing this) because you may be
obtaining info from bystanders who won't be transporting.
What are the critical injuries and conditions in which you should transport immediately?
- ANSWERAMS, abnormal breathing, abnormal circulation, injuries that could lead to
shock, significant mechanism of injury or general health
What procedures should not be performed before rapid transport? - ANSWERnon-
lifesaving procedures such as splinting, bandaging, IV access, or elective endotracheal
intubation
Per ITLS, when should reassessment in the ongoing exam occur? - ANSWERcritical
patients every 5 minutes, stable patients every 15 minutes.
During what occurrences, should the ongoing exam be performed? - ANSWEReach time
the pt is moved, each time an intervention is performed, any time the patient's condition
worsens.
,When should a secondary assessment be performed? - ANSWERDuring transport rather
than on scene, unless primary survey does not reveal a critical condition
What does TIC stand for? - ANSWERTenderness, instability, and crepitus
When should a glucose check be obtained for AMS in a trauma? - ANSWEROngoing
exam
What is serum lactate a good marker for? - ANSWERTissue hypoxia, predictor of shock
What is a FAST exam and what is it good for? - ANSWERFocused Assessment with
Sonography in Trauma, good for assessing trauma in the abdomen
What is the chest wall comprised of? - ANSWERskin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, ribs,
and the neurovascular bundle (which runs around the lower border of the rib)
How much blood can the adult thoracic cavity contain? - ANSWERUp to 3 liters on each
side
What does the mediastinum include? - ANSWERheart, aorta, pulmonary artery, superior
and inferior vena cava, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus
Where is the diaphragm located? - ANSWERlower six ribs and xyphoid process
What nerve innervates the diaphragm and where does it originate in the cervical spine? -
ANSWERPhrenic nerve, originating from C3-C5
What injuries are responsible for most deaths on scene? - ANSWERChest injuries
What life-threatening thoracic should be identified immediately during the ITLS primary
survey? - ANSWERAirway obstruction, flail chest, open pnuemo, massive hemothorax,
tension pnuemo, cardiac tamponade
What injuries should be identified during the ITLS secondary survey? -
ANSWERMyocaradial contusion, traumatic aortic rupture, tracheal or bronchial tree
injury, diaphragmatic tears, pulmonary contusion, blast injuries
Can flail segments be seen in the posterial wall? - ANSWERNot typically due to the
muscles
How are large flail chests best treated? - ANSWERET ventilation, and assisted ventilation
with PEEP
How are small flail chests best treated? - ANSWEROxygen and CPAP ventilation
What effect does an open pneumothorax have on intrathoracic pressure? - ANSWERIt
equalizes the intrathoracic pressure and atmospheric pressures resulting in partial or
complete lung collapse
, What is a massive hemothorax? - ANSWERhemothorax resulting in at least 1500 cc
blood loss in the pleural space
Signs of a tension pneumothorax? - ANSWERdecreased LOC, rapid/shallow breathing,
weak/thready/absent radials, diaphoretic/cool/clammy/cyanotic, JVD, TD,
decreased/absent breath sound, hyper-resonant sound on one side
Signs of a Massive hemothorax? - ANSWERDecreased LOC, rapid/shallow breathing,
weak/thready/absent radials, cool/clammy/diaphoretic/pale, neck veins flat, trachea
midline, decreased/absent breath sounds, dull sound
What is the sellick maneuver? - ANSWERCreating pressure on the cricoid at the front of
the neck to close off the esophagus, pressure as high as 100cm H20
What is the Sellick maneuver used for? - ANSWERReduce the risk of gastric
regurgitation, prevent air going into the stomach
What should you do if there is trauma to the neck and you must perform the Sellick
maneuver? - ANSWERcarefully support and stabilize the neck while performing.
What is noisy breathing? - ANSWERobstructed breathing
What can combativeness be a sign of? - ANSWERHypoxia in the patient (possibly due to
ET tube displacement)
Should you remove an NPA that results in mild hemorrhage and why or why not? -
ANSWERNo, as it may disturb a clot or reactivate bleeding
What is RSI? - ANSWERRapid sequence intubation, using paralytics to intubate pations
Should you RSI someone who has spontaneous yet inadequate respiratory effort? -
ANSWERNo, using a paralytic may result in further decrease in respiratory effort if tube
is unable to be placed successfully.
What is MMAP? - ANSWERMallampati (levels of inability to view structures,
measurement 3-3-1 (3 fingers under neck, 3 fingers in mouth and one centimeter between
teeth), atlanto-occipital extension (sniffing position), and pathology (airway obstruction
indicated per stridor)
What are the different levels of the mallampati score? - ANSWER1- entire tonsil or
tonsilor bed, 2 - upper half of tonsil, 3 - soft and hard palare, 4 - only hard palate
Simple face mask flow rate and oxygen saturation? - ANSWER10-12lpm at 40-50% O2
NRB face mask flow rate and oxygen saturation? - ANSWER12-15lpm and 60-90% O2
NC flow rate and oxygen saturation? - ANSWER2-6lpm and 24-30% O2
What flow rate should supplemental oxygen during mouth-to-mask ventilation be running
at? - ANSWER10-12lpm
