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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Exam 1 NSG 1010 Practice Questions and
Answers
List in order the chain of infection: - Ans:✔✔-causative agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of
transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
What is an infectious/causative agent? - Ans:✔✔-Bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite, prion.
What is a reservoir? - Ans:✔✔-Where the infectious agent lives / where it lives, grows, and reproduces.
What is a portal of exit? - Ans:✔✔-The host leaves either by resp. tract, GI tract, skin, blood, etc.
What is a portal of entry? - Ans:✔✔-Where the site enters- mouth, nose, any opening where the toxin
can enter and reproduce. Could be same as portal of exit.
What is a mode of transmission? - Ans:✔✔-A way for the infectious agent to be passed-
What is a suseptible host? - Ans:✔✔-Compromised defenses leaving the host more susceptible for
infections. Eg: immunocompromised or breaks in the skin
What is a local infection? - Ans:✔✔-infection confined to a small region of the body
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What are the symptoms of a local infection? - Ans:✔✔-pain, tenderness, redness (rubor/erythema),
Swelling (edema), warmth, drainage, loss of function
What is a systemic infection?
S/S - Ans:✔✔-an infection throughout the body / fever, elevated HR.
What are some of the common tests for infection? - Ans:✔✔-Blood culture, EFR, WBC, urine culture,
wound culture
What is the purpose of the Patient National Safety Goals? - Ans:✔✔-Improve pt safety, target problems
in healthcare safety, focus on how to solve identified safety problems.
As a student do not go into what rooms: - Ans:✔✔-Airborne and special contact
Normal WBC range - Ans:✔✔-5,000-10,000
Preventative measure when assessing a PT for an infection: - Ans:✔✔-Assess their risk for infection
(immunocompromised, procedures, elderly)
What is Direct contact? - Ans:✔✔-exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person
to another by physical contact.
- person to person
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What is Indirect Contact? - Ans:✔✔-Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by
contact with a contaminated object.
-object to person
Ex of direct contact - Ans:✔✔-Involves direct contact.
ex of indirect contact - Ans:✔✔-Touching common area (desk, computer).
What causes C. Diff? - Ans:✔✔-Antibiotics.
Body's Primary Defense - Ans:✔✔-Prevents organisms from entering the body- normal flora, skin,
respiratory tree (nares, trachea), eyes, mouth, GI tract, GU tract.
Tertiary defenses against infection - Ans:✔✔-B and T cells
lymphocytes found in lymph tissue and circulating in the blood
signal phagocytes to destroy invaders
receive antibodies.
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