Biology 116 - Final Exam - Full Review Study Guide
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Course
2024/2025
Institution
2024/2025
Biology 116 - Final Exam - Full Review
Study Guide
From electron donor to electron acceptor (usually accompanied by protons H+) - Ans:-Electron
transfer
Electron carrier: Accepts two electrons plus one proton to form NADH - Ans:-NAD+
Electron carriers that readily accept or donate electrons - ...
4. Electron transport and chemiosmosis - Ans:✔✔-4 steps of cellular respiration
Pyruvate is oxidised to form Acetyl CoA - Ans:✔✔-Pyruvate processing
Acetyl CoA is oxidised to CO2. - Ans:✔✔-Citrix acid cycle
compounds that were reduced in steps 1-3 are oxidized in reactions leading to ATP production - Ans:✔✔-
Electron transport and chemiosmosis
Glucose (6) is broken down to pyrovate (2x3) occurs in cytoplasm . Glucose split in half, each half is
phosphorylated, 2 ATP spent - Ans:✔✔-Glycolysis
ATP is made by transferring a phosphate directly from an intermediate substrate to ATP - Ans:✔✔-
substrate-level phosphorylation
In step 4, a proton gradient provides energy for ATP production, membrane protein ATO synthase uses
this energy to phosphorylate ADP to form ATP - Ans:✔✔-Oxidative ohosphorylation
Occurs in every prokaryote and eukaryotes group) regulated by controlling production or activation of
enzymes. Spend 2 ATP, end gives you 4 ATP. Net of 2 ATP produced. - Ans:✔✔-Glycolysis summary
Cause breakdowns of molecules, can harvest stored chemical energy to produce ATP - Ans:✔✔-Catabolic
pathways
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