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praxis 5442 Middle School Exam Practice Questions with Correct Solutions
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praxis 5442 Middle School ExamPractice Questions with Correct
Solutions
Which of the following pieces of equipment would be most useful in a middle school
classroom activity with the goal of distinguishing the organisms in a drop of pond water?
A.A microscope
B.A stopwatch
C.A balance
D.A centrifuge - ANSWER A microscope
A microscope would be most useful in examining a drop of pond water. The drop
would be placed on a microscope slide with a slide cover and then examined under the
microscope.
Which of the following best explains how igneous rocks are formed?
A.Rocks are weathered, transported, deposited, and cemented into new rock.
B.Molten material cools and hardens.
C.Rocks are changed by shifting magnetic fields.
D.Rocks are changed by pressure into different kinds of rocks. - ANSWER Molten
material cools and hardens.
Igneous rocks form from the crystallization and solidification of molten rock material.
There are two distinct types of igneous rocks: intrusive (plutonic) rocks, which form
,when magma cools slowly and crystallizes and solidifies below Earth's surface, and
extrusive (volcanic) rocks, which form when lava cools and solidifies rapidly on or near
Earth's surface.
Which of the following best describes how forces produce tides?
A.Repulsive electrical forces between dissolved ions cause the ocean to increase
in volume.
B.Earth's magnetic field exerts an attractive force on the water in the ocean.
C.The Coriolis force pushes water in the ocean toward landmasses.
D.The Moon exerts a gravitational force on the water in the ocean. - ANSWER The
Moon exerts a gravitational force on the water in the ocean.
The gravitational forces exerted by the Moon, and to a lesser extent by the Sun,
on water in the ocean produce tides.
The consequences of which of the following human activities would be the most
reasonable basis for a classroom discussion on the eutrophication of a body of water?
A.Use of fertilizers in agriculture
B.Burning of coal for electricity generation
C.Building of levees for flood control
D.Extraction of oil from shale - ANSWER Use of fertilizers in agriculture
Eutrophication occurs when fertilizers are washed into nearby waterways. The
increased nitrate and phosphate levels that result promote excessive algae growth
and decay in the waterways. The amount of dissolved oxygen decreases, which
affects other organisms in the ecosystem.
Five breeding pairs of guppies are placed in a large classroom aquarium that contains
aquatic plants, algae, and small invertebrates. The guppies are the only fish in the
,aquarium and have plenty of food. Guppies can reproduce very quickly. Which of the
following is most likely to happen to the population of guppies in the tank?
A.The population size will remain constant as long as the aquarium is maintained,
since the guppies have enough food to eat.
B.The population size will initially increase rapidly, but eventually the population growth
rate will decrease as the guppies' food is consumed faster than it is replaced.
C.The population size will increase until a mutation results in guppies with
different-colored fins that will outcompete the original fish.
D.The population size will steadily decrease until there are no fish in the aquarium,
because there is not enough genetic diversity in the small population. - ANSWER he
population size will initially increase rapidly, but eventually the population growth
rate will decrease as the guppies' food is consumed faster than it is replaced.
Because of the abundance of food, the number of guppies will initially increase rapidly.
However, the population growth rate will decrease as the guppies' food supply
decreases. The aquarium size limits the population sizes of the aquatic plants, algae,
and invertebrates, which impacts the guppies. The maximum population size that can
be supported by available resources is referred to as the carrying capacity.
The refraction of light underlies the operation of which THREE of the following?
A.A magnifying glass B.A
pair of binoculars C.An
incandescent lightbulb
D.A motion-picture projector - ANSWER A.A magnifying
glass B.A pair of binoculars
D.A motion-picture projector
Refraction is the fundamental property underlying the operation of a magnifying glass, a
pair of binoculars, and a motion-picture projector because they all involve the use of
, lenses to focus light. The fundamental property underlying the operation of an
incandescent lightbulb is the phenomenon of incandescence—the emission of
visible light by a hot body.
Which of the following statements best describes the heliocentric model?
A.The core of the Sun is composed of helium.
B.Earth and the other planets orbit the Sun.
C.Plants grow toward a source of light.
D.Helium is the most abundant element in the universe. - ANSWER Earth and the
other planets orbit the Sun.
The heliocentric model asserts that Earth and all the other planets revolve around
the Sun, which is located at the center of the solar system.
Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction?
A.The growth of an oak tree from an acorn buried by a squirrel
B.An earthworm's use of sperm stored in its body to fertilize
eggs that it has produced
C.The budding of a new hydra from a parent hydra
D.The transfer of pollen between flowering plants by foraging worker bees - ANSWER
The budding of a new hydra from a parent hydra
Asexual reproduction is a method of reproduction that enables organisms to produce
offspring that are genetically identical to themselves. There is only one parent, so the
offspring are essentially clones of the parent. Hydra can reproduce sexually or asexually.
The example given, the budding of a new hydra from the cells of one parent, is an
example of asexual reproduction. In budding, a clump of mitotically dividing
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