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Exam (elaborations)

NURS 130 - Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers

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NURS 130 - Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers how do infections occur? - Ans:-when germs enter the body, increase in number, and cause a reaction in the body three things necessary for an infection to occur - Ans:-source --> susceptible host --> transmission source - Ans:-infectious ag...

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  • October 22, 2024
  • 34
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NURS
  • NURS
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GraceAmelia
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NURS 130 - Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers


how do infections occur? - Ans:✔✔-when germs enter the body, increase in number, and cause a

reaction in the body


three things necessary for an infection to occur - Ans:✔✔-source --> susceptible host --> transmission


source - Ans:✔✔-infectious agent or germ and refers to a virus, bacteria, or other microbe. (germs) live

(ex. sinks, surfaces, human skin"


transmission - Ans:✔✔-a way germs are moved to the susceptible person


who are a source of germs? - Ans:✔✔-patients, healthcare workers, visitors/household members


examples of environmental sources of germs - Ans:✔✔-Dry surfaces in patient care areas (ex. Bed rails,

medical equipment, countertops, tables)


Wet surfaces, moist environments, biofilms (ex. Cooling towels, faucets, sinks, ventilators)


Indwelling medical devices (catheters, IV lines)


Dust or decaying debris (construction dust or wet materials from water leaks)




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who is susceotible? - Ans:✔✔-someone who is not vaccinated or otherwise immune, or a person with

weakened immune system who has a way for the germs to enter the body (IV's, catheters, surgical

incisions all provide an entry way)




patients with underlying conditions




certain medications to treat conditions (steroids, antibiotics)




lifesaving medical procedures used in healthcare such as catheters, tubes, and surgery increase risk of

infection by providing additional entryways


transmission of germs .. - Ans:✔✔-germs dont move themselves; they depend on people, the

environment, and equipment/surfaces


examples of how germs are moved - Ans:✔✔-touch; (healthcare provider hands become contaminated

by touching germs present on medical equipment or high touch surfaces and then carry the germs on

their hands and spread to a susceptible person when proper hand hygiene is not performed before

touching the susceptible person)




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sprays and splashes; (occur when an infected person coughs or sneezes, creating droplets which carry

germs short distances (within approximately 6 feet). These germs can land on a susceptible person's

eyes, nose, or mouth and can cause infection (example: pertussis or meningitis)




inhalation; (occurs when germs are aerosolized in tiny particles that survive on air currents over great

distances and time and reach a susceptible person. Airborne transmission can occur when infected

patients cough, talk, or sneeze germs into the air (example: TB or measles), or when germs are

aerosolized by medical equipment or by dust from a construction zone (example: Nontuberculous

mycobacteria or aspergillus).




sharp injuries; (can lead to infections (example: HIV, HBV, HCV) when bloodborne pathogens enter a

person through a skin puncture by a used needle or sharp instrument.)


how can you protect yourself? - Ans:✔✔-hand washing 20 seconds, hand sanitizer 60% alcohol, avoid

eyes/nose/mouth with hands


standard precautions - Ans:✔✔-PPE: personal protective equipment


1. contact precautions


2. droplet precautions



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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




3. airborne precautions


airborne virus - Ans:✔✔-*most infectious type


- TB is airborne


Ex. piece of dust


contact - Ans:✔✔-*hardest to pass on


Ex. Mercia


Florence Nightingale - Ans:✔✔-(1820-1910)


◦Improved standards of care for war casualties


◦Nursing's first scientist-theorist, nurse researcher


◦Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not


◦Nightingale Training School for Nurses


Barton - Ans:✔✔-◦(1821-1912)


◦Volunteer nurse in American Civil War


◦Establishment of American Red Cross



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