RD MNT EXAM 2024 LATEST VERSION ACTUAL
EXAM AND STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | A+ GRADE
NCP - ANSWERNutrition Care Process. A standardized, consistent
structure and framework used to provide nutrition care. This is
different from standardized care, which infers that all patients receive
the same care.
NCP Steps - ANSWERADIME
1. Assess, 2. Diagnose, 3. Intervention, 4. Monitor & Evaluate
Critical thinking - ANSWERintegrates facts, informed opinions, active
listening, and observations. It is a reasoning process where ideas are
produced and evaluated. It includes the ability to conceptualize, think
rationally, think creatively, be inquiring, and think autonomously.
Nutrition screening - ANSWERuse of preliminary nutrition
assessment techniques to identify people who are malnourished or
who are at risk for malnutrition.
All health care team members can participate.
Brief 5-10 minutes.
Nutrition screening review - ANSWERclient's history, lab results,
weight, physical signs
For nutrition screening to be effective - ANSWERthe mechanism must
be accurate based on: specificity (can it ID patients without a
condition), sensitivity (can it ID those who have the condition.
Mechanism must be effective as related to the chances that positive
health outcomes will be achieved with the intervention.
,If no emerging nutrition problem exists - ANSWERdocument that
discharge from nutrition care is appropriate
The Joint Commission and nutrition screening - ANSWERnutrition
risk identified in hospitalized patient within 24 hours of admission,
but does not mandate a method of screening
Nutrition screening includes - ANSWER1. Subjective Goal
Assessment
2. Mini Nutritional Assessment
3. Nutrition Screening Initiative
Subjective Goal Assessment - ANSWERHistory, intake, GI symptoms,
functional capacity, physical appearance, edema, weight change
NO lab values, just talking
Mini Nutritional Assessment - ANSWEREvaluates independence,
medication therapy, number of full meals consumed each day, protein
intake, fruits and vegetables, fluid, mode of feeding.
Often done in older population.
Nutrition Screening Initiative - ANSWERElderly
Nutrition assessment of individuals - ANSWERInitiated by
referral/screening of individuals or groups for nutritional risk factors.
Assessment makes comparisons between data collected and reliable
standards.
Assessment is an on-going, dynamic process that involves continual
reassessment and analysis of patient/client/group needs.
Assessment provides the basis for nutrition diagnosis.
Critical thinking skills needed in nutrition assessment include -
ANSWER1. Observe verbal/nonverbal cues that can guide effective
interviewing methods
,2. Determine appropriate data to collect
3. Select tools and procedures and apply in valid, reliable ways
4. Distinguish relevant from irrelevant, and important from
unimportant data
5. Validate, organize and categorize the data
Nutrition assessment component - ANSWER1. Review: review data for
factors that affect nutritional and health status
2. Cluster: assessment data clustered for comparison with
characteristics of a suspected diagnosis; food and nutrition related
history, anthropometrics, lab/medical tests (biochemical), nutrition-
focused physical findings, client history
3. These indicators are compared to identified standards and criteria
for interpretation and decision-making
Indicators in nutrition assessment - ANSWERare clearly defined
markers that can be observed and measured.
Also used to monitor and evaluate the progress towards nutrition
outcomes
What indicators are compared against - ANSWERnutrition care
criteria
Documentation in nutrition assessment - ANSWERdate and time,
pertinent data and comparison with standards, patient's perceptions,
values and motivation related to problem; changes in patient's level of
understanding, behaviors, outcomes; reason for discharge
Dietary intake assessment - ANSWER1. Diet history
2. Food recall
3. 24 hour recall
4. Food frequency lists
Diet history - ANSWERpresent patterns of eating. Do not ask leading
questions.
Food record - ANSWERexact record of everything eaten in a specific
period of time
, 24 hour recall - ANSWERmental recall of everything eaten in previous
24 hours.
Quick tool to estimate a sample daily intake.
Clinical setting.
Food frequency lists - ANSWERhow often an item is consumed.
Community setting. QUICK way to determine intakes of LARGE
NUMBERS of people.
People do this by themselves.
Pertinent medical and family history - ANSWERprovides insight into
nutrition-related problems
Physical findings - ANSWERanthropometrics (body structure)
desireable body weight
Medium frame women - ANSWER100 lbs for first 5 feet, add 5 lbs for
each additional inch, subtract 5 lbs for each inch below
Small frame women - ANSWERsubtract 10% from Hamwi method
Large frame women - ANSWERadd 10% to Hawmi method
Medium frame men - ANSWER106 lbs for first 5 feet, add 6 lbs for
each additional inch, subtract 6 lbs for each inch below 5 feet
Small frame men - ANSWERsubtract 10% from Hamwi method
Large frame men - ANSWERadd 10% to Hamwi method
Amputations - ANSWERentire leg: 16% of body weight
lower leg: with foot 6% of body weight
entire arm: 5% of body weight
forearm with hand: 2.3% of body weight
Amputation Estimated IBW - ANSWEREstimated IBW = (100-
%amputation)/100 x IBW for original body weight
