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NUR 4271 Midterm Exam Questions And Accurate Answers
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NUR 4271 Midterm Exam QuestionsAnd Accurate Answers
EASTON
, NUR 4271 Midterm Exam Questions
And Accurate Answers
acute
short term care or disease
chronic
long term care or disease
chronic disease
- on going disease or illness
- 117 million have one chronic health condition
- 1 of every 4 had two or more
- chronic disease is the greatest health care problem
- with again population and advanced technologies, costs will only increase
Which health condition is the leading cause of death in the US?
A. Cancer
B. Diabetes
C. Heart Disease
D. Pneumonia
C. Heart Disease
cardiovascular disease (incidence)
- one person dies every 33 seconds from cardiovascular disease
- in 2022, 702,880 people died from heart disease, 1 in every 5 deaths
cost for government, providers, and families
health disparities
- barriers: geographic, language barriers, insurance/financial status, transportation,
education level, immigration status
chronic disease leading behaviors
- bad diet
- no exercise
- smoking
,- not keeping up w/doctors appointment
- no self-care
increase in chronic disease in the US
- better screening
- worse environmental factors for larger population
chronic illness impact on family and community
- emotional impact
- medication side effects and disease can impact community (missing role in
community)
- can be time consuming and expensive for family members
chronic illness impact on nurse
- need to be mindful and understanding
- don't label patients based on diagnosis
- be empathetic
- balance all problems
- contextualize problems
chronic illness impact on social influences
- people with chronic conditions and disabilities are often stereotyped
- recognized individuals have helped counteract this
~ examples: Michael J. Fox, Muhammed Ali, Magic Johnson, Christopher Reeve
chronic illness interventions
- professional education in caring for patients with chronic disease
- chronic disease practitioner competencies
- use of resource available from:
~ CDC
~ agency for healthcare research and quality
~ world health organization
~ community resources/local
chronic illness adaptation
- healthcare providers follow the medical model
~ symptoms, diagnosis, treatment/cure
~ oriented towards acute care
- for chronic illness, individual and family must adapt behavior and role; to
accommodate chronicity of the condition
~ make lifestyle changes (not work or new job to take care of patient)
~ stay home to take care of patient
~ go to appointments together
~ ramp+lifts/environmental changes, adaptive equipment
~ making a different schedule for care
~ exercise together, patient isn't doing stuff alone
~ may need to cut back on spending if in financial burden
experience of disability
- result of personal factors and circumstances individual encounters within his or her
own social and physical environment
, impairment
- abnormality in body structure or appearance (ICIDH)
- deviation from certain generally accepted populations standards of function (ICF)
disability
- consequence of impairment in terms of performance (ICIDH)
- any impairment, activity limitations, or participation restrictions that result from
health condition or from personal, societal, or environmental factors (ICF)
handicap
disadvantage individual experiences as result of impairment or disability (ICIDH)
past models to conceptualize health and disability
- medical model: focused on specific medical conditions viewed as "problems";
intrinsic to individuals experiencing them
- the social model: emphasized societal and environmental barriers as primary
contributors to disability
- biopsychosocial model: alternative to medical and social models; complex
interaction of biological, psychological, and social factor sin combination that play
role in individual's ability to function
patient perceptions of chronic illness
- American culture embraces:
~ independence: self-care and self-management of disease; participation with care
providers to obtain original health
- want to try to get patients with chronic illness back to baseline
- adherence to medication and treatment
illness behavior
- ways in which people monitor their bodies, define and interpret their symptoms,
take remedial actions, and use the health care system
- influenced by attitude, family, situation, knowledge, and motivation
risk factors for cardiac disease
- increased age
- sedentary lifestyle/physical inactivity
- history of smoking cigarettes
- obesity
BMI (body mass index)
- Underweight - Less than 18.5
- Normal - 18.5 - 24.9
- Overweight - 25 - 29.9
- Obese - 30 - 39.9
atherosclerosis
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