NR 509 Final Exam Study Guide Solutions
Suspicious breast mass - Ans:--A mobile mass that becomes fixed when the arm relaxes is attached
to the ribs and intercostal muscles; if fixed when the hand is pressed against the hip, it is attached to the
pectoral fascia.
-Hard irregular poorly circumsc...
-Scan saline wet mount for clue cells (epithelial cells with stippled borders); sniff for fishy odor after
applying KOH ("whiff test"); test the vaginal secretions for pH > 4.5
Candidal Vaginitis - Ans:✔✔--Cause: Candida albicans, a yeast (normal overgrowth of vaginal flora); many
factors predispose, including antibiotic therapy
-Discharge: white and curdy, may be thin but usually thick, not as profuse as trichomonal infection, not
malodorous
- vaginal soreness, pruritus, pain on urination, dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
-The vulva and surrounding skin are inflamed and sometimes swollen to a variable extent; the vaginal
mucosa is reddened, with white tenacious patches of discharge; the mucosa may bleed when these
patches are scraped off; in mild cases, the mucosa looks normal
-Scan potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation for the branching hyphae of Candida
Trichomonal Vaginitis - Ans:✔✔--Trichomonas vaginalis, a protozoan; often but not always acquired
sexually
- Discharge:Yellowish green or gray, possibly frothy; often profuse and pooled in the vaginal fornix; may
be malodorous
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