Human Physiology, 16th Edition by Stuart Fox.
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### **CHAPTER 1: The Study of Body Function**
#### Questions:
1. **What does physiology study?**
- **Answer**: The functions of living organisms and their parts.
2. **Homeostasis is primarily maintained through:**
- A. Positive ...
### ** CHAPTER 1: The Study of Body Function**
#### Questions:
1. **What does physiology study?**
- **Answer**: The functions of living organisms and their parts.
2. **Homeostasis is primarily maintained through:**
- A. Positive feedback
- B. Negative feedback
- C. Chemical changes
- D. Genetic adaptation
- **Answer**: B
3. **True/False: Physiology involves studying the structure of organs.**
- **Answer**: False (Physiology studies function; anatomy studies structure.)
4. **Which organ system regulates body temperature?**
- A. Muscular system
- B. Nervous system
- C. Integumentary system
- D. Endocrine system
- **Answer**: C
5. **Short Answer: Explain the concept of homeostasis.**
- **Answer**: Homeostasis is the process by which an organism maintains a stable internal
environment despite changes in external conditions.
6. **Which feedback mechanism is rare in normal physiology?**
- A. Negative feedback
- B. Positive feedback
- **Answer**: B
7. **The brain is part of which body system?**
- A. Endocrine system
- B. Respiratory system
- C. Nervous system
- D. Cardiovascular system
- **Answer**: C
,9. **What is the main role of effectors in a feedback loop?**
- **Answer**: To carry out responses that return the body to homeostasis.
10. **Short Answer: Describe the role of the control center in a feedback mechanism.**
- **Answer**: The control center processes information from receptors and sends signals to effectors
to correct deviations from the set point.
---
### ** CHAPTER 2: Chemical Composition of the Body**
#### Questions:
1. **What are the basic building blocks of proteins?**
- A. Nucleotides
- B. Fatty acids
- C. Amino acids
- D. Monosaccharides
- **Answer**: C
2. **True/False: Lipids are soluble in water.**
- **Answer**: False
3. **What is the primary component of cell membranes?**
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Phospholipids
- C. Proteins
- D. Nucleic acids
- **Answer**: B
4. **Which of the following molecules is a carbohydrate?**
- A. Glucose
- B. ATP
- C. Hemoglobin
- D. Testosterone
- **Answer**: A
5. **Short Answer: Describe the role of enzymes in chemical reactions.**
- **Answer**: Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the
reaction to proceed.
6. **Water is a:**
- A. Solvent
- B. Solute
- C. Protein
- D. Lipid
- **Answer**: A
2
, 7. **Which of the following is a nucleotide?**
- A. Glucose
- B. ATP
- C. Lipase
- D. Insulin
- **Answer**: B
8. **True/False: DNA contains deoxyribose sugar.**
- **Answer**: True
9. **What type of bond holds two water molecules together?**
- **Answer**: Hydrogen bonds
10. **Short Answer: Explain the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond.**
- **Answer**: In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred between atoms, while in a covalent bond,
electrons are shared between atoms.
---
### ** CHAPTER 3: Cell Structure and Genetic Control**
#### Questions:
1. **Which of the following is the control center of the cell?**
- A. Nucleus
- B. Ribosome
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Lysosome
- **Answer**: A
2. **True/False: The mitochondria are responsible for energy production.**
- **Answer**: True
3. **Which of the following is NOT a component of the plasma membrane?**
- A. Phospholipids
- B. Proteins
- C. Cholesterol
- D. DNA
- **Answer**: D
4. **What structure allows substances to move in and out of the nucleus?**
- **Answer**: Nuclear pores
5. **Short Answer: What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?**
- **Answer**: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
6. **Which of the following processes requires energy?**
- A. Osmosis
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