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Ansc 4395 exam 1|60 Questions with Verified Answers
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Ansc 4395 exam 1|60 Questions withVerified Answers
Animal Breeding - -The science of using the principles of genetics to make
improvement in a livestock species
-Robert Bakewell - -"Father of animal breeding"
Leased out males
Mate the 'best of the best'
-shorthorn cattle - -First organized breed of livestock 1580
-Gregor Mendel - -Father of genetics
Established basic genetic principles
-population genetics - -Branch of genetics which deals with the factors that
affect the genetic structure of population
-Dr. Jay lush - -"Father of Modern Animal Breeding"
Established principle of selection, use of inbreeding, crossbreeding to make
hybrid vigor
-Primary goal of animal breeders - -identify animals with desirable genes
and increase the frequency of those genes
-What is the best animal? - -Lab-show winner or best retriever
Cattle- cutability/ %muscle or quality grade
Dairy-most milk or best udder, feet, and legs
EVERYONE HAS THEIR OWN OPINION
-system approach - -Determining the best animal
-System - -Group of interdependent component part
-animal - -Characteristics genotype, may be more than one
-physical environment - -Elements of environment over which humans exert
little or no control
-fixed resources - -Size of the farm
Ability to grow supplementary feeds
Available labor
, -Management - -Policies implemented by the farmer — feeding, healthcare,
length of time an animal is on the farm
-Economics - -Costs of farm inputs like feed, labor, and supplies and the
prices of farm outputs.
-Traits - -Observable or measurable characteristic of an animal
-Phenotype - -Observed category or measured level of performance for a
trait in an individual
-environmental effects - -Effects that external factors have on animal
performance
-Biological Type - -a classification for animals with similar genotypes for
traits of interest
-interaction - -a relationship in which the effect of one factor depends on
another factor
-Genotype by Environment (G x E) Interaction - -A dependent relationship
between genotypes and environments in which the difference in
performance between two (or more) genotypes changes from environment
to environment
-Genetically adapted - -animals have evolved in that location over many
generations and carry the genes that allow them to survive and thrive in
those locations
-Breeding Objective - -a general goal for a breeding program - a notion of
what constitutes the best animal
-Seedstock - -breeding stock, animals whose role is to be a parent or, in
other words, to contribute genes to the next generation
-Germplasm - -Genetic material in the form of live animals, semen, embryos
-Purebreds - -wholly of one breed or line
-Line - -Group of related animals within a breed
-Breeding Objective - -a general goal for a breeding program - a notion of
what constitutes the best animal
-Intermediate Optimum - -a level of performance that is optimal in terms of
profitability and/or function
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