Digestion and Absorption Exam Questions With Correct Detailed Answers Guaranteed Pass.
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Course
DIGESTION
Institution
DIGESTION
Describe the role of the enzymes in the digestive system to complete the breakdown of starch (6)
(think SAM PAM and MEG) - correct answer 1. salivary amylase
2. starch to maltose (in salivary glands)
3. salivary amylase denatured in stomach due to acidic pH
...
Describe the role of the enzymes in the digestive system to complete the breakdown of starch (6)
(think SAM PAM and MEG) - correct answer 1. salivary amylase
2. starch to maltose (in salivary glands)
3. salivary amylase denatured in stomach due to acidic pH
4. pancreatic amylase continues to hydrolyse starch to maltose
5. in small intestine
6. maltase (embedded in membrane of epithelial cells)
7. maltase to glucose
8. hydrolysis
9. of glycosidic bonds
Describe the process involved in the absorption of the products of starch digestion (5-7) - correct answer
1. sodium ions actively transported out of epithelial cell into blood
2. via sodium potassium pump
3. this maintains a concentration gradient of sodium ions between the lumen and the epithelial cell
4. drives facilitated diffusion of sodium ions into the cell from lumen
5. as sodium ions are carried into the epithelial cell they carry a glucose molecule with them passively
via a co-transport protein
6. movement of glucose into cell creates a concentration gradient
7. drives the facilitated diffusion of glucose from the cell into the blood
8. via specific glucose carrier protein
Explain hoe the small intestine is adapted to its function in the absorption of the products of digestion
(6-9) - correct answer 1. large surface area provided by microvilli
2. long/ folds increase SA and time for absorption
, 3. thin epithelium
4. provides a short diffusion pathway
5. capillary network absorbs amino acids/sugars
6. lacteal for absorption of digested fats
7. maintains a steep concentration gradient
8. mitochondria supply ATP for active transport
9. many carrier proteins in membranes
Describe and Explain the role of diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport in the absorption of
digested food by the ileum (10-13) - correct answer 1. Diffusion
- movement down a concentration gradient
- monoglycerides/ micelles/ fatty acids move into epithelial cells
- monoglycerides move from epithelium into blood
- chylomicrons move into lacteals/ lymph
- by diffusion
2. Facilitated diffusion
- movement down a concentration gradient
- requires channel/carrier proteins
- monosaccharides/ amino acids move into epithelial cells
3. Active transport
- movement against a concentration gradient
- requires energy/ATP
- requires carrier proteins
- monosaccharides/ amino acids into epithelial cells
- co-diffusion (eg- glucose and NaCl)
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