Echo Board Review UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Echo Board
Institution
Echo Board
Echo Board Review UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which valve separates the areas of greatest pressure differences? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Mitral valve
Where does the LAD lie? - CORRECT ANSWER- In the anterior interventricular groove
(sulcus).
What service does the epicardial fat pad...
Echo Board Review UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which valve separates the areas of greatest pressure differences? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Mitral valve
Where does the LAD lie? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- In the anterior interventricular groove
(sulcus).
What service does the epicardial fat pad provide for the heart? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Protects the main coronaries.
Which aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PLAX? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Right
coronary cusp
From the left parasternal window which of the following are you most likely to get accurate
velocity measurements?
A. LVOT
B. Aortic stenosis
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Mitral regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- C. Pulmonary artery
Which tricuspid leaflets are shown in the parasternal RVIF view? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Posterior and anterior
Where is the LAA seen on TTE? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Sometimes PSAX AoV level
Usually better in Apical 2
What do the coronary arteries come off of? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Sinuses of Valsalva
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Early diastole
,What are the four aortic artery measurements? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Aortic valve
annulus
2. Aortic sinuses
3. Aortic sinotubular junction
4. Ascending aorta
Normal values: LVIDd - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Men: 4.2-5.8cm
Women: 3.8-5.2cm
Normal values: LVIDs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Men: 2.4-4cm
Women: 2.2-3.5cm
Normal values: LAs area - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- <=20cm^2
Normal values: LAs dimension - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Men: 3-4cm
Women: 2.7-3.8cm
Normal values: LAs volume - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 16-34mL
If a patient is younger (<40yo) with anomolous coronaries, what type of symptoms may be
seen? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. DOE
2. Exercise-induced angina
How much of a cardiac cycle is accounted for by diastole? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 2/3
What is another term for apical 2 chamber? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Vertical long axis
(VLA)
,What is another term for apical 4 chamber? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Horizontal long
axis (HLA)
The best images of the ascending aorta are often obtained from which transducer window? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Suprasternal
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Aortic coarctation
What are two ways of describing where aortic coarctations most often occur? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 1. After the take-off of the left subclavian artery
2. Within the aortic isthmus
Which pulmonary veins are seen in the Apical 4 chamber? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Lower pulmonary veins.
Which pulmonary veins are seen in the Apical 5 chamber? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Upper pulmonary veins.
From the apical 4 chamber view, how do you rotate the transducer to obtain the Apical LAX?
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Counterclockwise 120 degrees
Where is the coronary sinus located? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Posterior AV groove.
To visualize the coronary sinus in the Apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer: -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Posterior
Which valve sits at the opening of the coronary sinus? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Thebesian
What portion of the pulonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- a wave
, At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 40-45 C
What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 0 degrees? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- ME 4
chamber
What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 90 degrees? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- ME 2
chamber
What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 120 degrees? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- ME LAX
(3CH)
What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 60 degrees? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- ME AV SAX
What is the absolute refractory state? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The period when muscle
cells cannot become excitable.
What does the P wave represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Atrial systole.
What does the PRI represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Atrial to ventricular
depolarization.
What does the T wave represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Ventricular diastole
(repolarization).
What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- <0.12sec
What 4 things increase with an increased preload? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Volume
2. Contractility
3. Myocardial fiber length
4. Tension
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