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GI IGGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST VERSION
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GI IGGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION
What is the pH range of the distal oesophagus?
a. 1.5 to 2.0
b. 3.0 to 4.5
c. 4.5 to 6.0
d. 6.0 to 7.0 - ANSWER ANS: D
The pH of the lower oesophagus is neutral (normal).
An obese client has reflux and asks how being overweight could cause
this condition. Which response by the nurse is best?
a. "You eat more food, more often than nonobese people do."
b. "The weight adds extra pressure, which helps push stomach contents
up."
c. "Obese people tend to eat more high-fat food, which presents a risk."
d. "Obesity is not related to reflux, but losing weight would be healthy." -
ANSWER ANS: B
Esophageal reflux can occur when intra-abdominal pressure is elevated,
or when the sphincter tone of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is
decreased. Obesity can increase intra-abdominal pressure. The other
statements are not accurate explanations of the connection between
obesity and reflux.
Which client does the nurse assess most carefully for the development
of gastroesophageal reflux disease?
a. Client with atrial fibrillation who drinks decaffeinated coffee
b. Client who has lost 20 pounds through diet and exercise
c. Diabetic client taking oral hypoglycemic agents
d. Postoperative client who has a nasogastric (NG) tube - ANSWER
ANS: D
,A nasogastric tube keeps the cardiac sphincter open, allowing acidic
contents from the stomach to enter the esophagus. The other clients do
not have increased risk for gastroesophageal reflux.
A client with esophageal reflux who experiences regurgitation while lying
flat is at risk for which complication?
a. Erosion
b. Bleeding
c. Aspiration
d. Odynophagia - ANSWER ANS: C
Regurgitation of stomach contents while the client is recumbent poses a
risk of aspiration for the client.
A client just experienced an episode of reflux with regurgitation. What
assessment by the nurse is the priority?
a. Auscultate the lungs for crackles.
b. Inspect the oral cavity.
c. Check the oxygen saturation.
d. Teach the client to sleep sitting up. - ANSWER ANS: A
The client with regurgitation is at risk for aspiration, pneumonia, and
bronchitis. The nurse should auscultate the lungs for crackles—an
indication of aspiration. If abnormalities are found, the nurse can then
check the oxygen saturation. The nurse should teach the client to sleep
with the head of the bed elevated, however; this is not a priority action.
Inspecting the oral cavity probably is not needed.
The health care provider is prescribing medication to treat a client's
severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which medication
does the nurse anticipate teaching the client about?
a. Magnesium hydroxide (Gaviscon)
b. Ranitidine (Zantac)
c. Nizatidine (Axid)
d. Omeprazole (Prilosec) - ANSWER ANS: D
Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole are the main treatment for
more severe cases of GERD. Gaviscon, Axid, and Zantac can be used
to treat less severe cases.
,A client is undergoing diagnostic testing for gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD). Which test does the nurse tell the client is best for
diagnosing this condition?
a. Endoscopy
b. Schilling test
c. 24-Hour ambulatory pH monitoring
d. Stool testing for occult blood - ANSWER ANS: C
The most accurate method of diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux
disease is 24-hour ambulatory pH monitoring.
A client has Barrett's esophagus. Which client assessment by the nurse
requires consultation with the health care provider?
a. Sleeping with the head of the bed elevated
b. Coughing when eating or drinking
c. Wanting to eat several small meals during the day
d. Chewing antacid tablets frequently during the day - ANSWER ANS: B
In Barrett's esophagus (a complication of gastroesophageal reflux
disease [GERD]), fibrosis and scarring that accompany the healing
process can cause esophageal stricture, leading to difficulty in
swallowing. This can be manifested by coughing when the client eats or
drinks and requires consultation with the health care team. The other
assessments are typical of clients trying to control their GERD.
The nurse is teaching a client about self-management of
gastroesophageal reflux. Which statement by the nurse is most
appropriate?
a. "Eat four to six small meals each day."
b. "Eat a small evening snack 1 to 2 hours before bed."
c. "No specific foods or spices need to be cut from your diet."
d. "You may include orange or tomato juice with your breakfast." -
ANSWER ANS: A
The client is instructed to eat four to six small meals daily rather than
three larger meals to avoid pressure in the stomach and delayed gastric
emptying, which can increase reflux. Evening snacks and acidic foods
also should be avoided. The client should keep a diary to assess for
foods or spices that increase symptoms, and those items need to be
avoided.
, The nurse is in the room of a client who is sleeping in bed. The client
experiences an episode of reflux with regurgitation. Which action does
the nurse take first?
a. Have the client roll to the side.
b. Raise the head of the client's bed.
c. Auscultate the client's lung sounds.
d. Call the Rapid Response Team. - ANSWER ANS: B
The immediate danger for this client is aspiration. The nurse first should
raise the head of the bed to reduce this risk. Asking the client to roll to
the side will take too much time. The nurse can auscultate the client's
lungs after raising the head of the bed. Calling the Rapid Response
Team may or may not be necessary but would be done after the client is
in a safer position.
A client with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is still
having symptoms of reflux despite taking omeprazole, (Prilosec) 20 mg
daily. What does the nurse do next?
a. Document the finding in the client's chart.
b. Obtain an order for omeprazole twice daily.
c. Instruct the client to double the daily dose.
d. Tell the client to take antacids with omeprazole. - ANSWER ANS: B
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that acts to reduce gastric acid
secretion. If once-daily dosing fails to control the client's symptoms, the
nurse should obtain an order for the client to take omeprazole twice daily
for better symptom control. This finding should be documented, but the
nurse should do more than merely record the client's symptoms.
Doubling the daily dose and adding antacids will not be as effective as
obtaining an order for twice-a-day dosing.
A client is admitted to the cardiac monitoring unit for a suspected
myocardial infarction. The client reports long-standing nighttime reflux,
and the health care provider orders nizatidine (Axid) 150 mg twice a day.
Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. Consult with the health care provider because the dose is too high.
b. Check the client's kidney function tests before administering the drug.
c. Ask the pharmacist to recommend another histamine receptor agonist.
d. Give the medication as ordered and monitor for effectiveness. -
ANSWER ANS: C
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