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AVS 3311 EXAM 1 MATERIAL ALL QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
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AVS 3311 EXAM 1 MATERIAL ALL QUESTIONS AND100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
What per cent of DNA do we have in common with chimps and modern
humans? - ANSWER 99%
What genes in humans are turned off? - ANSWER tailbone
body hair
appendix
vestigial
what is the earliest Homo species found in fossil record dating? when
was it found? - ANSWER Homo erectus
2 million years ago
dates back app. 1.6 million years
Homo erectus characteristics - ANSWER large-game hunters
developed tools and social organizations
first to leave Africa
what were Homo sapiens? - ANSWER -hunter-gatherers
-less ape-like
-technological skill replaced brute strength through natural selection
*What did Homo Sapiens use fire for? - ANSWER cooking
reduce plant toxins
How fast was the transition from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens? -
ANSWER gradual
what are changes that occurred during the transition from H.erectus to
H. sapiens? - ANSWER -increase in brain size and reduction in bone
mass
-spread globally and displaced other hominid species
,-assault of the "wise man"
why did bone mass decrease in H. sapiens? - ANSWER need for brain
protection decreased
what type of feeders were the early humans? - ANSWER opportunistic
feeders
opportunistic feeders - ANSWER preference for low-fiber plant products
eat almost anything "edible"
examples of opportunistic feeders - ANSWER omnivores generally
dogs
swine
humans
What was lacking anatomically in early humans? - ANSWER lack
adaptations of GI tract typically seen with herbivores
-cecum in humans
used to have appendix, now vestigial appendix
what type of food consumers are humans evolutionarily? - ANSWER
omnivores
-dental morphology is neither carnivore or herbivore
agriculture definition - ANSWER deliberate culture of crops and animals
for food and other purposes
when did agriculture begin?where? - ANSWER 10,000 years ago in the
middle east
what were the benefits of switching from a life as hunter-
gatherers/nomads to a settled society? - ANSWER -increased food
quantity available
-facilitated ability to store surpluses
-allowed population to dramatically increase in number
-did not require all members to participate in food
gathering=diversity/division of labor
,-developed market economy=allocation of resources
domestic animal definition - ANSWER one that has been bred in
captivity for purposes of economic profit
-humans have complete control over breeding, organization of territory
and food supply
why were animals originally domesticated? - ANSWER due to their
potential economic benefits to humans
-not for the luxury of companionship
-used for guarding livestock and property
what type of instinct response does the wolf have? - ANSWER flight
response when sees humans
why did the wolf begin to come around humans? - ANSWER search of
food
order of animals domesticated:timeline - ANSWER 1-dog
2-goat and sheep
3-cattle and swine
4-llama and horse
5-chicken
6-guinea pig
7-turkey
8-rabbit
9-lab rodents
how many years ago were dogs domesticated? where? - ANSWER
12,000
several places
how many years ago were goats and sheep domesticated? where? -
ANSWER 10,000-11,000
Eurasia
**how many years ago were cattle and swine domesticated?where? -
ANSWER 8,000-9,000
, Eurasia
how many years ago were llamas and horses domesticated? where? -
ANSWER 6,000-7,000
llama-S america
horse-Russia
how many years ago were camels and cats domesticated? where? -
ANSWER 5,000-6,000
camels- Arabia
cats-Eurasia
how many years ago were chickens domesticated?where? - ANSWER
4,000-5,000
Asia
how many years ago were guinea pigs domesticated?where? -
ANSWER 3,000-4,000
Peru
how many years ago were turkeys domesticated? where? - ANSWER
2,000-3,000
Mexico
how many years ago were rabbits domesticated?where? - ANSWER
1,000-2,000
Spain
how many years ago were lab rodents domesticated?where? -
ANSWER present-1,000
US and Europe
Evolutionary view on the domestication of animals? - ANSWER
behavior, diets and morphology of certain animals changed from wild
counterparts in response to selective pressures of a new ecological
niche-human co-existence
what are the 4 degrees of domestication? - ANSWER wild
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