West-E (051) ELLs
Syntax - Answer-word order
Pragmatics - Answer-(context and function) system by which a language is used in social interactions.
E.g. Will you go out with me is different when two 6th graders say it vs. when two adults are talking about playing Frisbee.
Applied Linguisti...
Pragmatics - Answer-(context and function) system by which a language is used in
social interactions.
E.g. Will you go out with me is different when two 6th graders say it vs. when two
adults are talking about playing Frisbee.
Applied Linguistics - Answer-offers solutions to language-related real-life problems
Phonology - Answer-Sounds of a language and the study of those
sounds.
Phoneme - Answer-Smallest unit of sound
Morphology - Answer-The study of the smallest meaningful units in a language
Morphemes - Answer-smallest meaningful units of language
Free Morpheme - Answer-can stand alone as a word
Bound Morpheme - Answer-cannot stand alone as a word
Semantics - Answer-Study of meanings expressed by a language
Seal of Biliteracy - Answer-an award given in recognition of students who have
studied and attained proficiency in 2 or more languages by HS graduation
Dual Language Immersion Bill - Answer-(SHB 1445) calls for the expansion of funds
for dual language education programs in early-learning and K-12 schools across
Washington
2019 Grad Requirement - Answer-2 years world language
Schools of Thought - Answer-*Structuralist/Behaviorist (Nurture)
*Generative Linguistics/Rationalist/Nativist (Nature)
*Constructivist / Multidisciplinary / Interactionist / Functional (in the middle)
Tabula rasa - Answer-(blank slate) refers to the idea that individuals are born without
built-in mental content and therefore all knowledge comes from experience or
perception (nurture)
BF Skinner - Answer-(behaviorist)
, Steven Pinker - Answer-"the effect of parents in shaping intellect and personality
might even be overrated" -Pinker (nature)
Noam Chomsky - Answer-Believes that for humans language is a basic instinct
(nature)
Lev Vygotsky - Answer-developed the zone of proximal development (ZPD)
Jean Piaget - Answer-developed theory of cognitive development which explains
how a child constructs a mental model of the world. He disagreed with the idea that
intelligence was a fixed trait, and regarded cognitive development as a process
which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.
Neuroplasticity (brain plasticity) - Answer-the brain's ability to CHANGE throughout
life. The human brain has the amazing ability to reorganize itself by forming new
connections between brain cells (neurons).
Activate Prior Knowledge - Answer-prioritize activities that help students tap into
already-existing pathways (for instance,by integrating academic subjects or creating
class projects relevant to their lives)
Growth Mindset - Answer-"Especially for students who believe they are 'not smart,'
the realization that they can literally change their brains through study and review is
empowering."
Stages of SLA - Answer-1. Silent Period
2. Early Production
3. Speech Emergence
4. Intermediate Language Proficiency
5. Advanced Language Proficiency
Stephen Krashen - Answer-Comprehensible Input (i+1) Scaffold language - start with
where students are, then surround them with language input (i) plus 1 (more
advanced language input but not too far of a jump)
Jim Cummins - Answer-Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills BICS(1-3 years) &
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency CALPS (5-7 years)
*Also said: The level of development of children's mother tongue is a strong predictor
of their second language development.
Sociopolitical Variables - Answer-*Socioeconomic status (SES)
*legal status
*immigration
*previous educational background
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