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NURSING PHARMACOLOGY ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUGS. THE LATEST EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)
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NURSING PHARMACOLOGY ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUGS. THE LATEST EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)

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  • October 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • Nursing pharmacology
  • Nursing pharmacology

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NURSING PHARMACOLOGY ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUGS. THE

LATEST EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT

ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)

Quinolones - ANSWER- Used in treatment of some infections of the urinary tract, sinuses,

lower respiratory tract, GI tract, skin, bones & joints & in treating GC. These agents have potential

serous side effects, esp. with children & older adults. Some organisms are showing resistance to

quinolones. Q's should be reserved for infections that are nonresponsive to other agents. or when

Pseudomonas is involved, or when pt are allergic to other antibiotics.


Quinolones examples: - ANSWER- Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) or levofloxacin (Levaquin)

Resistance has developed in stains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. aureus, therefore C&S tests

should be drawn to ID the causative organism before initiating a quinolone & therapy adjusted if

necessary.


Quinolones side effects: - ANSWER- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, colitis


CNS effects- headache, dizziness, confusion, irritability, seizuers, anxiety. Crystalluria; requires

liberal quantities of fluids.

Superinfection- treat infection appropriately. may need to stop drug Hypersensitivity reactions or

rash – rare.

Phototoxicity- exposure to sunlight can cause severe sunburn

Possible cartilage or tendon damage.

,Quinolones contraindications & caution - ANSWER- Older adults c GI disease or

arteriosclerosis children or adolescents- potential for cartilage damage

Strenuous exercise post therapy - potential for tendon rupture

Preg & lactation

Severe renal impairment - seizure disorders - cardiac disease


Quinolones Interactions: - ANSWER- Theophylline- can potentiate serious or fatal cns effects,

cardiac arrest or resp. failure

Probenicid - increased blood levels of Cipro

Antacids - decreased absorption

Coumadin - increased ris of bleeding

Preparations containing Fe, Mg, Zn, Ca - decrease absorption (do not give within two hours)

Sucralfate (Carafate) contains Aluminum ions, which decrease absorption


Quinolones pt. ed: - ANSWER- Not taking other meds without physicians approval


Drinking liberal quantities of fluids

Restricting caffeine intake

Avoiding excessive exposure to the sun

Avoiding strenuous exercise during & several weeks after therapy

Reporting all side effects, esp. rash or hypersensitivity signs

, Geriatric pt's should follow previous instructions, esp. reporting GI effects or CNS effects.


Tetracyclines - ANSWER- Broad-spectrum a-b.'s. used to treat rickettsia, chlamydia & some

uncommon bacteria.


Tetracycline examples: - ANSWER- Tetracycline, Doxycline, Fibromycine, minocycline; Used

to treatRocky Mountain spotted fever, atypical pneumonia, & some STD's & some severe cases of

inflammatory acne. Also used to treat H. pylori in combination with bismuth salicylate &

metronidazole (Helidac Therapy Kit).


Tetracycline side effects: - ANSWER- Nausea, vomiting & diarrhea (dose related)


Superinfections i.g. vaginitis& stomatitis

Photosensitivity, with exaggerated sunbur

Discolored teeth in fetus or young children

Hepatic or renal toxicity (rare)

CNS symptoms i.g. vertigo & cerebral edema

Thrombophlebitis possible with IV therapy

Allergic hypersensitivity reactions rare


Tetracycline contraindications - ANSWER- Preg, lactation & children under age 8


Pt exposed to direct sunlight

Caution in pt's with liver or kidney diseas

Pt with esophageal obstruction or dysfunction

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