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NURS 218 Pharmacology Study Guide --Exam 1 Questions with Latest Update
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Define drug - Answer-any chemical that can affect living processes Define pharmacology - Answer-study of drugs and their interaction with living systems Define clinical pharmacology - Answer-the study of drugs in humans Define therapeutics - Answer-use of drugs to diagnose, to prevent, or ...

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  • October 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • nurs 218 pharmacology study guide exam 1 questio
  • define drug answer any chemical that can affect

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NURS 218 Pharmacology Study Guide --
Exam 1 Questions with Latest Update
Define drug - Answer-any chemical that can affect living processes

Define pharmacology - Answer-study of drugs and their interaction with living systems

Define clinical pharmacology - Answer-the study of drugs in humans

Define therapeutics - Answer-use of drugs to diagnose, to prevent, or to treat disease or
prevent pregnancy

List the 3 most important properties of an ideal drug - Answer-1) Effectiveness
2) Safety
3) Selectivity

Identify the objective of drug therapy - Answer-to provide maximum benefit with minimal
harm

Identify and discuss 7 aspects of drug therapy that apply to patient care - Answer-1)
Pre-administration Assessment (get a baseline before medication)
2) Dosage and Administration (pay attention to patients reaction to meds and how to
administer them)
3) Evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects
4) Minimizing adverse effects: administering meds properly
5) Minimizing adverse interactions: look at how other drugs interact before giving
6) Making PRN decisions: decide what meds are appropriate
7) Managing toxicity: recognize adverse effects and respond quickly

Identify areas for patient education related to pharmacology - Answer-- Drug name and
category
- Dosage
- Dosing schedule
- Route and technique
- Expected therapeutic response
- Non-drug measures
- Duration of treatment
- Method of drug storage
- Adverse effects, interactions (drug and food)

List the 5 steps of the nursing process and provide an example related to pharmacology
- Answer-1) Assessment
2) Analysis - Nursing Diagnosis: risk for injury related to drug-induced bleeding
3) Planning: teaching patients how to handle situations on their own

, 4) Implementation: actively teach the patient
5) Evaluation: finding a different route and teaching the patient again if they fail at meds

Define use of controls - Answer-standard treatment and placebo; some receive
treatment while some receive the "fake"

Define randomization - Answer-randomly selecting and putting people in groups to
make experiment equal and fair (no volunteers or personal selection)

Define blinding - Answer-the participants do not know if they are getting the treatment or
the placebo

List and define the stages of new drug development - Answer-- Phase I: small #'s;
healthy volunteers
- Phase II: tested on patients
- Phase III: clinical research
- Phase IV: post-marketing surveillance; drug is marketed for general use while
monitoring the drug's effects

Define chemical name - Answer-given because of the chemical make-up (easier to say)

Define generic name - Answer-name given to the drug based on its properties (hard to
say, but is the name we should use)

Define trade name - Answer-name given by the company (easy to say)

Define generic drug - Answer-A company that gains rights to a new drug; once
exclusive right ends, other companies market the drug for lower money

Define OTC drug - Answer-drugs that can be purchased without prescription

Define pharmacokinetics - Answer-process of drug movement throughout the body

List 3 ways that drugs cross membranes - Answer-1) Channels and Pores: only certain
molecules can pass
2) Transport systems: involves carriers (usually act as gates)
3) Direct penetration of the membrane: most common route for drug movement

Describe absorption - Answer-the movement of a drug from its site of administration into
the blood

Describe distribution - Answer-transportation of a substance from the drug from one
area of the body to another

Describe metabolism - Answer-(bio-transformation) usually done by the liver; breaking
down the drug

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