©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
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UTA NURS 4462 Community Exam 2
Questions With Correct Answers
Vulnerable populations (groups of people) - answer✔poor or homeless persons, pregnant
adolescents, migrant workers, severely mentally ill individuals, substance abusers, abused
individuals, persons with communicable diseases, and persons with sexually transmitted
diseases, including HIV and HBV.
Vulnerable populations (definition) - answer✔those at greater risk for poor health status and
health care access.
Problems that predispose people to vulnerability - answer✔Socioeconomic problems, including
poverty and social isolation, physiological and developmental aspects of age, poor health status,
and highly stressful life experiences.
one of the primary contributors to vulnerability - answer✔Resource limitations are strongly
related to health. Lack of adequate social, educational, and economic resources make people
more vulnerable and more likely to experience health disparities, and poverty is a primary cause
of vulnerability.
Nursing roles working with vulnerable populations - answer✔health teacher, counselor, direct
care provider, case manager, advocate, health program planner, and participant in developing
health policies.
Title XXI of the Social Security Act, passed in 1998, established - answer✔the State Children's
Health Insurance Program to provide funds to insure currently uninsured children. Legislation
enacted subsequently provided for new outreach and case-finding efforts to enroll eligible
children in Medicaid.
MAP-IT - answer✔an acronym for Mobilizing community resources, Assessing, Planning,
Implementing, and Tracking results.
Minimizing the "hassle factor" - answer✔One of the principles of intervening with vulnerable
populations
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Vulnerable populations adversely affected by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 - answer✔The
act's more stringent regulations regarding which services will be reimbursed and for how long
may limit access to care for frail older adults, chronically ill individuals whose care is largely
home based, and people who are HIV positive
Health People 2020 key goal r/t vulnerable populations - answer✔to eliminate health disparities
barriers to access - answer✔financial or nonfinancial impediments to obtaining health care. May
include lack of funds to pay for health care/inadequate insurance coverage or cultural obstacles
and practical problems, such as lack of transportation or inconvenient clinic hours.
block grant - answer✔intended to enable local areas to have more control in deciding how to
spend funds so that they can respond to local needs and conditions.
brokering health services - answer✔coordinating services provided by multiple agencies. Case
managers often coordinate services to provide comprehensive care for clients.
carve outs - answer✔the care for a specific population has been carved out of an overall
managed care plan for all other clinical populations.
case finding - answer✔locates individuals and families with identified risk factors and connects
them with resources.
case management - answer✔interchangeable term with care management. Case management is a
process that enhances continuity and appropriateness of care. Most often used with clients whose
health problems are actually or potentially chronic and complex.
comprehensive services - answer✔services that completely meet an individual's or family's
needs.
culturally and linguistically appropriate care - answer✔fits with the cultural expectations and
norms of a particular group to the extent possible and that is provided in the language of that
group.
cumulative risk factors - answer✔related risks that increase in effect with each added risk.
cycle of vulnerability - answer✔the feedback effect of factors that predispose one to
vulnerability and lead to negative health outcomes, which then increase the predisposing factors
and so on.
differential vulnerability hypothesis - answer✔vulnerable population groups are those who not
only are particularly sensitive to risk factors but also possess multiple, cumulative risk factors.
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disadvantaged - answer✔lacking in the basic resources or conditions believed to be necessary for
an equal position in society.
empowerment - answer✔helping people acquire the skills and information necessary for
informed decision making and ensuring that they have the authority to make decisions that affect
them.
federal poverty guideline - answer✔a federal poverty measure given by the Department of
Health and Human Services (HHS). It helps agencies determine eligibility for certain programs.
It is based upon how many people live in poverty as HHS defines poverty yearly.
food insecurity - answer✔lack of access to sufficient food for an active and healthy lifestyle
because of inadequate economic resources.
health disparities - answer✔refers to the wide variations in health services and health status
between certain population groups.
health literacy - answer✔"the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process,
and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health
decisions" (Ratzan and Parker, 2000).
iterative assessment process - answer✔obtaining only as much assessment data as necessary at
one time; then obtaining additional data as needed.
language concordance - answer✔the language used by the person providing health information is
the same as that of the client hearing the information.
outreach - answer✔locates populations-of-interest or populations-at-risk and provides
information about the nature of the concern, what can be done about it, and how services can be
obtained.
priority population groups - answer✔those groups targeted by national governments for special
emphasis on health care goals because they have particularly poor health status.
safety net providers - answer✔increase access to health and social services for vulnerable
populations with limited financial ability to pay for care (Institute of Medicine, 2000; Hansen-
Turton, 2005).
social determinants of health - answer✔factors such as economic status, education,
environmental factors, nutrition, stress, and prejudice that lead to resource constraints, poor
health, and health risk (Wilensky and Satcher, 2009).
