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Lewis Med Surg - Chap 16 – Cancer exam questions and answers
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Lewis Med Surg - Chap 16 – Cancer exam 2024 -2025 questionsand answers
Chapter 16: Cancer
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. The nurse at the clinic is interviewing a 64-year-old woman who is 5 feet, 3 inches tall and
weighs 125 pounds (57 kg). The patient has not seen a health care provider for 20 years. She
walks 5 miles most days and has a glass of wine 2 or 3 times a week. Which topics will the nurse
plan to include in patient teaching about cancer screening and decreasing cancer risk (select all
that apply)?
a. Pap testing
b. Tobacco use
c. Sunscreen use
d. Mammography
e. Colorectal screening - answer>>>ANS: A, C, D, E
The patient's age, gender, and history indicate a need for screening and/or teaching about
colorectal cancer, mammography, Pap smears, and sunscreen. The patient does not use
excessive alcohol or tobacco, she is physically active, and her body weight is healthy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (analysis) REF: 255
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A patient develops neutropenia after receiving chemotherapy. Which information about
ways to prevent infection will the nurse include in the teaching plan (select all that apply)?
a. Cook food thoroughly before eating.
b. Choose low fiber, low residue foods.
c. Avoid public transportation such as buses.
d. Use rectal suppositories if needed for constipation.
e. Talk to the oncologist before having any dental work done. - answer>>>ANS: A, C, E
,Eating only cooked food and avoiding public transportation will decrease infection risk. A high-
fiber diet is recommended for neutropenic patients to decrease constipation. Because bacteria
may enter the circulation during dental work or oral surgery, the patient may need to postpone
dental work or take antibiotics.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 265 | eTable 16-16
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
1. A patient who is scheduled for a right breast biopsy asks the nurse the difference between a
benign tumor and a malignant tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
a. "Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues."
b. "Benign tumors are likely to recur in the same location."
c. "Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs."
d. "Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly than normal cells." - answer>>>ANS: C
The major difference between benign and malignant tumors is that malignant tumors invade
adjacent tissues and spread to distant tissues and benign tumors never metastasize. The other
statements are inaccurate. Both types of tumors may cause damage to adjacent tissues.
Malignant cells do not reproduce more rapidly than normal cells. Benign tumors do not usually
recur.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (comprehension) REF: 253
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
2. The nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravesical bladder chemotherapy. The nurse
should monitor for which adverse effect?
a. Nausea
b. Alopecia
c. Mucositis
d. Hematuria - answer>>>ANS: D
The adverse effects of intravesical chemotherapy are confined to the bladder. The other
adverse effects are associated with systemic chemotherapy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 261
, TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
3. The nurse is caring for a patient who smokes 2 packs/day. To reduce the patient's risk of lung
cancer, which action by the nurse is best?
a. Teach the patient about the seven warning signs of cancer.
b. Plan to monitor the patient's carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level.
c. Discuss the risks associated with cigarettes during every patient encounter.
d. Teach the patient about the use of annual chest x-rays for lung cancer screening. -
answer>>>ANS: C
Teaching about the risks associated with cigarette smoking is recommended at every patient
encounter because cigarette smoking is associated with multiple health problems. A tumor
must be at least 0.5 cm large before it is detectable by current screening methods and may
already have metastasized by that time. Oncofetal antigens such as CEA may be used to
monitor therapy or detect tumor reoccurrence, but are not helpful in screening for cancer. The
seven warning signs of cancer are actually associated with fairly advanced disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 255-256
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nurse should include which food choice when providing dietary teaching for a patient
scheduled to receive external beam radiation for abdominal cancer?
a. Fresh fruit salad
b. Roasted chicken
c. Whole wheat toast
d. Cream of potato soup - answer>>>ANS: B
To minimize the diarrhea that is commonly associated with bowel radiation, the patient should
avoid foods high in roughage, such as fruits and whole grains. Lactose intolerance may develop
secondary to radiation, so dairy products should also be avoided.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 268
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
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