MGMT 443 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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Course
Mgmt
Institution
Mgmt
Organizational Diagnosis - Answer-the process of collecting information that will be shared with the client in jointly assessing how the organization is functioning, and determining the best change intervention.
The best way to approach problems in an organization is ____________________. - Answ...
MGMT 443 Final Exam Questions with
Correct Answers
Organizational Diagnosis - Answer-the process of collecting information that will be
shared with the client in jointly assessing how the organization is functioning, and
determining the best change intervention.
The best way to approach problems in an organization is ____________________. -
Answer-Scientific.
We have to understand the full problem before acting on it.
What is a Diagnostic Relationship?
What are the two main purposes? - Answer-A contract where we establish the basis of
a relationship with the people who provide data to us.
The purpose is to ensure the employee builds trust in the person who is collecting the
data and to be ethical in nature (treat people who provide data to us with respect).
It also helps orgs look to the future.
Involves answering the following questions:
Who am I?
Why am I here? What am I doing?
Who do I work for?
What do I want from you and why?
How will I protect your confidentiality?
Who will have access to the raw data?
What's in it for you?
Can I be trusted?
How do you know when to use (or not use) confidentiality for the purposes of data
collection? - Answer-When an employee reveals behaviors that are illegal or unethical,
we may not want to keep the data confidential (but you would have to if you already
promised confidentiality). In other cases, the data may be detrimental to the process of
diagnosis (you want employees to be involved in the process of change, but employees
may not be able to do so safely).
So you have to reflect BEFORE you receive the data whether or not you want to
guarantee confidentiality.
What are the four data collection methods? - Answer-Questionnaires, interviews,
observations, and unobtrusive measures
,Questionnaires - Answer-(one of the most practical methods of data collection) surveys
that allow employees to transfer subjective experiences into quantified numeric
responses used for statistical analysis. Quantified answers are much faster results and
you can collect large amounts of data.
Interviews - Answer-speaking with someone and asking questions (highly adaptive -
questions can be added or changed). Expensive because it takes a lot of time for both
parties.
Affected by two types of bias: the interviewee may provide answers to please the
interviewer or the interviewer may ask questions that are biased by their own
perspective.
Recommendation: have multiple people do the coding of the interviews so that if one
person is affecting the clarity of the interview the other people can call it out.
Three types of interviews - Answer-Interviews can be structured (using the same formal
questions each time) or unstructured (informal conversations about a topic). They can
also be semi-structured, using the same formal questions but following up differently
depending on the respondent's answers.
Observations - Answer-a qualitative process (like interviews) that takes place when
behaviors are noticed and notes are taken during an observation.
Unobtrusive measures - Answer-secondary data not collected by sources directly. Using
records to analyze data.
4 Advantages of Questionnaires - Answer-Responses can be quantified and easily
summarized
Easy to use with large samples
Relatively inexpensive
Can obtain a large volume of data
3 Disadvantages of Questionnaires - Answer-Failure to build empathy
Predetermined questions/missing issues
Self-report bias
3 Advantages of Interviews - Answer-Adaptive
Source of "rich" data
Process of interviewing can build rapport (empathetic)
4 Disadvantages of interviews - Answer-Expensive
Bias in interviewer responses
Coding and interpretation difficulties
Self-report bias
, 3 Advantages of Observations - Answer-Adaptive
Collects data on behavior rather than reports of behavior
Real time, not retrospective
3 Disadvantages of Observations - Answer-Expensive
Observer bias and questionable reliability
Coding and interpretation difficulties
3 Advantages of Unobtrusive Measures - Answer-Nonreactive (no response bias)
High face validity
Easily quantified
2 Disadvantages of Unobtrusive Measures - Answer-Validity concerns
Coding and interpretation difficulties
Quantitative Analysis - Answer-based on two sources of data (questionnaires and
unobtrusive measures). Requires in depth training of statistical analysis. Collecting
qualitative data and converting it into quantitative data to analyze.
Examples: scatter plots and frequency charts
Qualitative Analysis - Answer-based on two sources of data (observations and
interviews). Involves analyzing the information we have received from talking to people
and observing people to be able to identify patterns and themes (employees may each
discuss multiple issues going on, without identifying which is the most significant, but
you will know they are significant because they are coming up in every interview).
Recommendation: take notes during interviews and observations to be able to
remember and analyze a large amount of data received.
Examples: Atlas TI and NVIVO
The process by which data is collected and analyzed to assess how the organization is
functioning so that, together with the client, the consultant can determine the best
course of action is known as:
Force field analysis
Organizational Diagnosis
Images of potential
Data collection - Answer-Organizational Diagnosis
A consultant should always protect the confidentiality of the data collected from
employees.
True
False - Answer-False
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