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PPN 301 FINAL Questions And Answers
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PPN 301 FINAL Questions And Answers
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
PPN 301 FINAL Questions And Answers
What is nasopharyngitis?
upper respiratory infection the inflammation of the masalas, pharynx, and throat
another word for nasopharyngitis
common cold
what can nasopharyngitis be caused by?
influenza, RSV, adenovirus, and rhinovirus
symptoms of nasopharyngitis or a cold
stuffy and runny nose, scratchy and sore throat, watery eyes, fever, hacking cough, aches
therapeutic management of nasophayngitis
treatment from home, comfort, and teaching of complications
what is a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
common respiratory virus causing cold symptoms by infection in lungs and respiratory tract
common causes of RSV
bronchiolitis in infants and toddlers
symptoms of RSV (normal)
congested and runny nose, dry mouth, low fever, sore throat, sneezing and headache
severe symptoms of RSV
fever, cough, wheezing, rapid or difficulty breathing, cyanosis
severe symptoms of RSV in infants
short, shallow, and rapid breathing, cough, poor feeding, lethargy, and irritability
how is RSV spread
spread by touching or droplets on hard objects for more than 6 hours
treatment and management of RSV
fluids, OTC meds, and cold medications, vaccine
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
palizizumab vaccine
prevent RSV from becoming serious for high risk children
when is palizizumab given
before beginning of RSV season, than at 1 month intervals throughout RSV season (nov-april)
what is influenza?
contagious respiratory infection caused by influenza virus which effects the nose, throat, and possibly lungs
another name for influenza
flu
what virus is influenza caused by
orthomyxovirus, type A, B , and C
what does orthomyxovirus cause
influenza, acute respiratory disease, and systemic symptoms like fever and headaches
clinical manifestations of influenza
fever, chills, cough, sore throat, runny and stuffy nose, and aches
therapeutic management for influenza
rest, fluids, medications to reduce symptoms and the flu shot
what does the CDC recommend for flu vaccines
annual vaccinations during flu season for everyone 6 months and older
types of flu vaccines
injectable influenza vaccine (IIV4) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4)
what is IIV4
injectable influenza vaccine, given as a needle
what is LAIIV4
live attenuated influenza vaccine, given as nasal spray
who is LAIV4 good for
non-pregnant and healthy people from 2-49 years of age
who is IIV4 good for
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
people 6 months and older
major influenza warning signs for children
dehydration, not alert, not interacting, seizures, high fever, blue lips or face, trouble or fast breathing, chest pain, any
fever for child less than 12 weeks, fever n cough improve and return, worsening of chronic symptoms
dehydration in influenza
no urine for 8 hours, dry mouth, no tears when crying
fever warning in influenza
104 degrees of 40 degrees
severe muscle pain in influenza
refusal to walk
what is acute otitis media (AOM)?
inflammation or bacterial infection of the middle ear
when is AOM most common
in children after respiratory infections, result from cold, or sore throat
ethology of AOM
when bacteria or virus infect and trap fluid behind eardrum, causing pain, swelling, or bulging
symptoms of AOM in children
fever, pulling or rubbing of ear in pain, irritability, poor feeding at night, restlessness, cough, runny nose, loss of balance,
inattentiveness, or even loss or difficulty hearing
risk factors for AOM?
secondhand smoke, daycare or school, bottle feed, pacifiers, allergies, esophageal reflex, siblings with ear infections,
autoimmune disease, chromosomal abnormalities
craniofacial abnormalities and AOM
cleft palate, Down syndrome, involving tube defects interfering with tube ventilation
low socioeconomic status and AOM
unhealthy diets, poor housing, limited access to middle care
therapeutic management of AOM
antibiotics, pain-relievers, ear-tube surgery
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
what is ear tube surgery
placement of ear tubs into eardrums to allow for drainage of the middle ear and promote air flow to middle ear. this
helps to prevent build-up of fluid, restore hearing, and decrease pressure and pain
when is ear tube surgery done
when child has repeat ear infections for fluid buildup for 3-4 months especially with hearing loss
prevention of AOM
pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine
when is pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine given
4 doses for infant at 2,4,6 and 12-15 months according to CDC
nursing care of AOM
relive pain and facilitate drainage, prevent complications or recurrence, educate family, positioning, heat, diet, fluid
intake, hygiene, and monitoring
positioning during AOM
child sits up, raise head on pillows or lie on unaffected ear
heat for AOM
apply heat pad or warm water
what is bronchitis?
inflammation of the bronchi or breathing tubes causing increased mucus production and narrowing of airway
causes of bronchitis
viral infection, bacterial infections, physical or chemical agents like dust, allergens, smoke, cleaning products
when is person more susceptible for bronchitis
after common cold, viral infect in upper respiratory tract (nose, sinus, throat, flu), pneumonia may follow after
symptoms of bronchitis
cough, production of mucus or septum, fatigue, SOB, fever, chills
what may mucus look like in bronchitis
clear, white, yellow-grey, green, or streaked with blood
nursing care for bronchitis
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