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CNIH Entrance Exam Rated A+ 2024
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CNIH Entrance Exam Rated A+ 2024
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CNIH Entrance Exam Rated A+ 20245 types of Archea - ANSWER-1. Methanogens
2. Extreme halophiles
3. Extreme thermophiles
4. Psychrophiles
5. Acidophiles
Aerobic - ANSWER-Process that requires oxygen for growth
Alleles - ANSWER-Different forms of a gene
- Dominant: FF
- Recessive: ff
Anaerobic - ANSWER-Process that does not require oxygen
Atoms - ANSWER-Smallest whole unit of matter. Protons and neutrons located in
nucleus, electrons located in energy shells
Autotrophs - ANSWER-Self feeders- through photosynthesis
Bacili - ANSWER-Rod-shaped- increased surface area for nutrient absorption
Binary fission - ANSWER-A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by
which one cell divides into two cells of the same size (PROKARYOTIC CELL)
Binomial Nomenclature - ANSWER-Formal system of naming species where each
species is assigned a genus name
Biodiversity importance - ANSWER-More biodiversity= more resistant to change
More feeding relationships- ensure food supply
Nutrient cycling
Biodiversity threats - ANSWER-Habitat loss
Climate change
Over-exploitation
Biological diversity - ANSWER-Number and variety of species and ecosystems on earth
(Species, Structural, Genetic)
Carl Linnaeus - ANSWER-The father of taxonomy who classified organisms based on
similarities
Cell Cycle - ANSWER-Entire period of cells life (Interphase, G1, G2, Mitosis)
, Cell membrane - ANSWER-Filled with proteins and enzymes- controls what comes in
and out of the cell.
Cell wall - ANSWER-Outer coverings of cell- maintains structure (In plants ONLY)
Centriole - ANSWER-2 perpendicular bundles of tubes- involved in cell division (In
animals ONLY)
Centriole - ANSWER-Barrel-like structures that are used to form spindle fibers
Centromere - ANSWER-Composed of DNA and proteins. Point of attachment for
spindle fibres and sister chromatids
Chitin - ANSWER-A chemical that provides both toughness and flexibility
Chloroplast - ANSWER-Oval-shaped organelle filled with stacks of protein- main site of
photosynthesis (In plants ONLY)
Chromatid - ANSWER-One of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
Chromatin - ANSWER-Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell
Chromatin - ANSWER-DNA bundled in nucleus with proteins- code for proteins (genetic
code)- chromosomes allow for DNA to be packaged.
Chromosome - ANSWER-DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the
nucleus of the cell.
Clade - ANSWER-Taxonomic group- single common ancestor and all descendants
Cladogram - ANSWER-Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a
group of organisms
Climate change - ANSWER-Large quantities of greenhouse gasses produced and
emitted that trap thermal energy in the atmosphere.
Cocci - ANSWER-Round- resists drying
Complex carbohydrates - ANSWER-Polysaccharides (starches and fibres)
Compound - ANSWER-Made up of 2 or more atoms of different elements bond together
in a fixed ratio- pure substances b/c of the same particles
example: H2O (water) or NH3 (ammonia)
Conjugation - ANSWER-DNA is transferred from one cell to another
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