Exam (elaborations)
PN 121 BOWEL ELIMINATION TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PN 121 BOWEL ELIMINATION TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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Colostomy - ANSWER the surgical creation of an artificial openingbetween the colon and the body surface. Effluent (faeces) is semi-
formed
Ileostomy - ANSWER the surgical creation of an artificial opening
between the ileum, at the end of the small intestine, and the outside of
the abdominal wall. Effluent (feces) is semi-liquid
Purpose of Colostomy Irrigation - ANSWER Used to evacuate stool due
to constipation, to train the newly placed ostomy to evacuate stool the
same time each day (to set a bowel elimination pattern
Nursing Interventions to Promote Bowmel Function - ANSWER Increase
physical activity
Ensure adequate fluid: Up to 2,500 mL/day
Increase fibre intake to 20-30 g/day
Provide privacy
Position pt upright
Provide stimulants that "cue" bowel function at home
Fecal Impaction symptoms - ANSWER A mass of dry, hard stool that
remains packed in the rectum and cannot be expelled
Constipation followed by small amount of liquid stool
Nursing measures that help resolve a fecal impaction - ANSWER Oil
retention enema
Manual dis-impaction
A Complication of fecal impaction - ANSWER Bowel Obstruction, Bowel
Perforation
Normal adult range of Temperature - ANSWER Average 98.6 F Varies
by route 97-99.6 F
, Normal adult range for pulse - ANSWER 60-100bpm
The normal adult range for respirations per minute - ANSWER 12-20
Normal adult range for BP Systolic and diastolic - ANSWER Top number
90-120
Bottom number 60-80
Normal range for SPO2 - ANSWER 96%-100%
Contraindications for using an upper extremity site to measure blood
pressure - ANSWER If the arm has a dialysis fistula
If the arm has poor circulation (previous mastectomy or lymph node
removal)
If the arm has an IV in place
Rectal temperature route - ANSWER Most accurate, closer to core temp,
1 degree F higher than oral
oral temperature route - ANSWER More accurate, most common route
for temp, 98.6
Tympanic temperature route - ANSWER Temperature taken in the ear,
98.6
Axillary temperature route - ANSWER Temp taken under the arm, 1
degree lower than oral
Apical Pulse - ANSWER pulse taken with a stethoscope and near the
apex of the heart, at the 4th to 5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular
line, for one full minute
Radial Pulse - ANSWER Beating or throbbing felt over the radial artery,
usually palpated over the groove along the thumb side of the inner wrist.
Can be measured for 30 seconds (multiply by 2). If irregular must listen
for an apical pulse
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