Psychopharm alcohol and anxiolytics Review Questions with Complete Solutions Rated 100%
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Psychopharm alcohol and anxiolytics
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Psychopharm Alcohol And Anxiolytics
Psychopharm alcohol and anxiolytics Review Questions with Complete Solutions Rated 100%
16) How does alcohol affect subjective effects? - Answers Low dose, BAC rising has a stimulant effect (elation, euphoria)
High dose, falling BAC has a depressant effect (sedation, anger, depression, sickness)...
Psychopharm alcohol and anxiolytics Review Questions with Complete Solutions Rated 100%
16) How does alcohol affect subjective effects? - Answers Low dose, BAC rising has a stimulant effect
(elation, euphoria)
High dose, falling BAC has a depressant effect (sedation, anger, depression, sickness)
17) Why is it called the biphasic effect? What type of tolerance occurs to lead to this biphasic effect?
Under what conditions does alcohol have a"stimulant" effect? Under what condition does alcohol have a
"depressing" effect? - Answers Biphasic effect (2 effects): lower dose (BAC rising)=stimulant effect,
higher dose (BAC falling)=depressant effect.
Type of tolerance= Acute?
1Perception: What is the difference between absolute and difference threshold? - Answers Absolute
threshold= being able to detect (see or hear) something
Difference threshold= being able to tell the difference in a object
Alcohol increases absolute and difference vision thresholds (poorer vision)
What is the effect of alcohol on the perception of vision and pain sensitivity? - Answers Decreases
peripheral vision= decreased attention.
Decrease in pain sensitivity.
Effects on Performance:
-Slows reaction time
-Deficits in hand-eye coordination.
Does alcohol have beneficial or detrimental effects? - Answers Both
What is the effect on memory? - Answers Detrimental effect on memory. Some effect on attention,
encoding, storage and retrieval.
*Storage function more strongly affected.
Gray-out/fragmentation: spotty memory from the night before (when they were drinking, common)
Heavier drinkers---> En bloc blackouts-remember everything till a point then nothing after(rarer).
Gray-out/fragmentation: - Answers spotty memory from the night before (when they were drinking,
common)
, Heavier drinkers---> En bloc blackouts- - Answers remember everything till a point then nothing
after(rarer).
What is the effect on driving? - Answers Young and older drivers and people unaccustomed to driving is
different and more likely to be risky (age 16 & 17=worst, age 35-54=best).
Effects on driving
-higher average speed and performance deficits. Reaction time is slower.
Brain networks disrupted in dose-dependent manner.
-100mg/100ml fatal crash is 7x more likely.
What is the effect on impulse control? - Answers -Disinhibition: loss of restraint or inability to withhold
behavior.
-Disregard for personal risk, social norms, and long-term consequences.
20) What is the difference between acute and chronic tolerance? What are examples of acute tolerance
to alcohol? - Answers Acute= one drink.
-Many effects GREATER while BAC is rising than when BAC is falling
(ex: subjective level of intoxication, cognitive performance)
Chronic= habitual drinking.
-Develops fairly rapidly
-Maximal tolerance in a FEW weeks
-Metabolic tolerance---> alcohol dehydrogenase and MEOS
-Behavioral tolerance
21) Chronic tolerance to alcohol develops fairly rapidly. What are the two processes that occur
underlying metabolic tolerance?
Which step of pharmacokinetics does each one of these two processes affect? - Answers Alcohol
dehydrogenase
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