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Neuro OCT 225 Study Questions with 100% Correct Verified Answers
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Neuro OCT 225 Study Questions with 100%Correct Verified Answers
spinal nerves
31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord - part of PNS
dorsal horn
part of CNS
contains SENSORY cell bodies
ventral horn
part of PNS
contains MOTOR tracts
dermatomes
an area of the skin supplied by nerves from a single spinal root
referred pain
body regions sharing spinal nerve innervation; pain is not recognized by cortex and is
misinterpreted as being from another area of the body
spina bifida
congenital condition involving incomplete closure of neural tube during fetal development
meningocele
-form of spina bifida
-meninges and CSF protrude through opening in vertebral column
-LE weakness/paralysis
meningomyelocele
-severe form of spina bifida
-meninges, spinal cord, and spinal nerves protrude through opening in vertebral column
-all motor/sensory info below cyst is lost
Acetylcholine (ACh)
,"hype person"
-controls muscle action @ NMJ
-major excitatory
Ach deficiency
paralysis, dementia
ACh surplus
muscle spasms, dyskinesia
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
"peace guru"
-a major inhibitory neurotransmitter (acts as a brake)
-regulate nerve impulses
GABA deficiency
causes anxiety, seizures, tremors, insomnia
GABA surplus
memory loss, inability for new learning
Dopamine
A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and learning and the brain's
pleasure and reward system.
Dopamine deficiency
Parkinson's disease, paucity of movement, ADHD, depression
dopamine surplus
May result in schizophrenia, hallucinations, or addiction.
multiple sclerosis
A chronic disease of the central nervous system marked by damage to the myelin sheath.
affects UMNs
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem; affects UMNs
and LMNs
myasthenia gravis
, a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction (ACh receptors)
and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
Guillain-Barre syndrome
inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly
worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
- Involves peripheral nerves
- Marked by progressive weakness
gross cerebral structures
gyri
sulci
fissure
Gyri (gyrus)
Large folds of tissue covering the surface of the cerebrum
Sulci (sulcus)
shallow grooves
fissure
deep groove
The fissure separating the cerebral hemispheres is the ________.
medial longitudinal fissure
central sulcus
separates frontal and parietal lobes
lateral fissure
separates temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes
cerebral lobes
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
frontal lobe function
cognitive functions, control of voluntary movement, motor planning, expressive language,
working memory, reasoning
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