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OCT 225 NEURO FINAL Exam | Questions Solved 100% Correct
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OCT 225 NEURO FINAL Exam | QuestionsSolved 100% Correct
Internal Carotid Arteries
Arise from the common Carotid artery
Enter the brain at the optic chiasm
These are the major arteries that supply the brain (Internal carotid artery,
external carotid artery, and common carotid artery)
Vertebral Arteries
Connect to form the basilar artery at the base of the pons-medulla
junction Give rise to the anterior spinal artery
Arise at C6 vertebrae and travel through the transverse foramen
Enter at the foramen magnum of the skull
Supply the lateral medulla areas
Anterior Spinal Arteries
Begin as two small branches that become 1 main artery
The two anterior spinal branches rise off of the vertebral arteries and become one
main artery that traverses along the anterior surface of the medulla spinal cord
Supplies the anterior portion of the medulla and spinal cord
Arteries that supply the cerebellum
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
Superior Cerebellar Arteries(s)
Basilar Artery
,Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
Arise from the vertebral arteries at the medulla level
Supplies part of the dorsolateral medulla, the inferior surface of the cerebellum and
the deep cerebellar nuclei
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
Arise from the vertebral arteries at the pons-medulla junction
Supplies the inferior surface of the cerebellum and the deep cerebellar nuclei
Superior Cerebellar Arteries (s)
Arise from the basilar artery at the pons-midbrain junction
Supplies the superior aspect of the cerebellum and parts of the deep cerebellar nuclei
Basilar Artery
Does not supply the cerebellum, however it does give rise to the superior cerebellar
arteries
Traverse the anterior aspect of the pons
Gives rise to the superior cerebella arteries
Supplies the anterior and lateral aspects of the pons
Anterior Spinal Artery Occlusion
Contralateral Hemiplegia
Nystagmus and Balance disturbances
Deviation of the tongue toward the affected side
Dysphasia and loss of gag reflex
Vertebral Artery Occlusion
Vertigo at onset
,Cerebellar incoordination of arm and leg on the same side
Loss of pain and temp. sense of the half of the face that is on the same side as
the stroke, and of the trunk and the limbs on the side opposite to the stroke
Dysphasia and trouble speaking
Horner's syndrome (small pupil, mild drooping of eyelid and lack of sweating of face on
same side as stroke)
Basilar Artery Occlusion
Controlateral hemiplegia
Bell's palsy
Hyperacusis (Oversensitivity to sound)
Loss of corneal reflex (blink reflex) - facial cranial nerve involvement
Ipsilateral sensory loss to the face (secondary to trigeminal nerve involvement)
Medial strabismus (cross eyes - eyes positioned inward)
Types of Strokes
CVA
TIA
Ischemic stroke
Hemorrhagic stroke
Subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke
Intracerebellar hemorrhagic stroke
CVA (Stroke)
Acute disruption of blood flow to the brain leading to focal neurological deficits
TIA "Mini stroke"
, (Transient ischemic attack) = Acute disruption of blood flow to the brain leading to
focal neurological deficits lasting less than 24 hours
Often caused by atherosclerotic disease and emboli
Numbness/weakness to hemi body
Dizziness - Visual disturbances
Falls
Confusion
Ischemic Stroke
a type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by either z
thrombus of embolus
Hemmorhagic stroke
Is a result or rupture or perforation of blood vessel within the brain caused by an
aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation (AVM), or traumatic event; results in edema
/compression brain tissue that can be fatal
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)
Bleeding into the space between the brain and the cranium in an area called
the subarachnoid space
Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH)
Bleeding directly into brain tissue and is usually caused by vascular malformation,
hypertension, or perforated blood vessel
Left Hemisphere Functions
-contralateral motor functioning
- receive contralateral sensory info
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