CRITICAL CARE EXAM 1 NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+
A patient presents to the emergency department in acute
respiratory failure secondary to community-acquired
pneumonia. The patient has a history of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse anticipates
which treatment to facilitate ventilation?
a. Emergency tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation
b. Mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube
c. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV)
d. Oxygen at 100% via bag-valve-mask device Correct
Answer c. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation
(NPPV)
Which of the following acid-base disturbances commonly
occurs with the hyperventilation and impaired gas
exchange seen in severe exacerbation of asthma?
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis Correct Answer c. Respiratory
acidosis
An acute exacerbation of asthma is treated with which of
the following?
a. Corticosteroids and theophylline by mouth
,b. Inhaled bronchodilators and intravenous corticosteroids
c. Prone positioning or continuous lateral rotation
d. Sedation and inhaled bronchodilators Correct Answer b.
Inhaled bronchodilators and intravenous corticosteroids
The nurse is discharging a patient home following
treatment for community-acquired pneumonia. As part of
the discharge teaching, the nurse instructs,
a. "If you get the pneumococcal vaccine, you'll never get
pneumonia again."
b. "It is important for you to get an annual influenza shot to
reduce your risk of pneumonia."
c. "Stay away from cold, drafty places because that
increases your risk of pneumonia when you get home."
d. "Since you have been treated for pneumonia, you now
have immunity from getting it in the future." Correct
Answer b. "It is important for you to get an annual
influenza shot to reduce your risk of pneumonia."
The nurse is discharging a patient with asthma. As part of
the discharge instruction, the nurse instructs the patient to
prevent exacerbation by:
a. obtaining an appointment for follow-up pulmonary
function studies 1 week after discharge.
b. limiting activity until the patient is able to climb two
flights of stairs.
c. taking all asthma medications as prescribed.
d. taking medications on a "prn" basis according to
symptoms. Correct Answer c. taking all asthma
medications as prescribed.
,The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which
assessment would be a cue to the patient developing
postoperative pneumonia?
a. Bradycardia
b. Change in sputum characteristics
c. Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis
d. Pursed-lip breathing Correct Answer b. Change in
sputum characteristics
The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of
pulmonary embolism. The nurse understands that the
most common cause of a pulmonary embolus is
a. amniotic fluid embolus.
b. deep vein thrombosis from lower extremities.
c. fat embolus from a long bone fracture.
d. vegetation that dislodges from an infected central
venous catheter. Correct Answer b. deep vein thrombosis
from lower extremities.
The nurse is concerned that a patient is at increased risk
of developing a pulmonary embolus and develops a plan
of care for prevention to include which of the following?
a. Antiseptic oral care
b. Bed rest with head of bed elevated
c. Coughing and deep breathing
d. Mobility Correct Answer d. Mobility
Which of the following statements is true regarding venous
thromboembolism (VTE) and pulmonary embolus (PE)?
, a. PE should be suspected in any patient who has
unexplained cardiorespiratory complaints and risk factors
for VTE.
b. Bradycardia and hyperventilation are classic symptoms
of PE.
c. Dyspnea, chest pain, and hemoptysis occur in nearly all
patients with PE.
d. Most critically ill patients are at low risk for VTE and PE
and do not require prophylaxis. Correct Answer a. PE
should be suspected in any patient who has unexplained
cardiorespiratory complaints and risk factors for VTE.
A patient at high risk for pulmonary embolism is receiving
enoxaparin. The nurse explains to the patient:
a. "I'm going to contact the pharmacist to see if you can
take this medication by mouth."
b. "This injection is being given to prevent blood clots from
forming."
c. "This medication will dissolve any blood clots you might
get."
d. "You should not be receiving this medication. I will
contact the provider to get it stopped." Correct Answer b.
"This injection is being given to prevent blood clots from
forming."
A definitive diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be
made by
a. arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis.
b. chest x-ray examination.
c. pulmonary angiogram.
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