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GEOS 1014 (VT) - FINAL EXAM
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GEOS 1014 (VT) - FINAL EXAM
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GEOS 1014(VT) - FINAL
EXAM
Most severe extinction in Earth's History - Answers-End Permian Extinction
When we see black shales in the rock record, like in the recent extinctions we've seen,
what does that tell us? - Answers-Anoxic conditions were present at the time.
In the end Permian extinction, high volcanic activity was thought to trigger and generate
environmental stresses. What where these stresses? - Answers-Global warming,
contact metamorphism on coal deposits, anoxia of oceans, ocean acidification and
extreme acid rain, wildfires, and arid conditions.
In the Triassic, what was happening that led to the end Triassic extinction? - Answers-
The breakup of Pangea.
Why do we see higher sea levels in the Mesozoic era? - Answers-More plate tectonics
and divergent boundaries.
Why does over 75% the oil and 60% of the gas in the world come from the Jurassic and
Cretaceous? - Answers-Ocean conditions during this time promoted the deposition of
vast amounts of rocks that produce hydrocarbons.
What was the major tectonic event that was occurring in the Mesozoic? - Answers-
Break up of Pangea.
Mesozoic age rocks found in the Piedmont and under the Coast Plain in Virginia record
what? - Answers-The beginning of the break-up of Pangea during the Late-Triassic
period.
, During the breakup of Pangea, what major oceans opened? - Answers-Gulf of Mexico,
North Atlantic and South Atlantic
As part of the breakup and early development of oceans, we also see widespread
evaporites deposit. In the Gulf of Mexico for example, how has this affected modern
society? - Answers-Salt deposits underlie most of the Gulf of Mexico, which are
important in forming oil and gas beneath them.
Why do we see these deposits during the Mesozoic era? - Answers-Changes in the sea
level during the Cretaceous created a sedimentary rock cycle in this basin.
Throughout the Cenozoic, we see a trend of ________ until modern day. - Answers-
Cooling
What are the tectonic events that led to the long-term cooling in the Cenozoic? -
Answers-Uplift of the Himalayas and other mountain belts, opening of the Drake
Passage and Tasmanian-Antartic Passage, and the closure of the isthmus of Panama.
What happens to coastlines and ecosystems when icesheets expand? - Answers-
Coastlines extend further into the sea, land bridges are exposed, and ecosystems shift.
How do the uplift of mountain belts did affect climate in the Cenozoic? - Answers-Closed
subduction zones decreasing the input of CO2 into the atmosphere from the Earth's
interior and enhanced global chemical weathering rates.
What was the major orogeny that occurred in the Cenozoic? - Answers-Himalayan
Orogeny
In the Cenozoic, there was a shift in dominant plants from _______ to ______. -
Answers-Gymnosperms to Angiosperms
Grasses became dominant in the Oligocene. Why? - Answers-They are adapted to
need less water than other plants.
The evolutionary line of horses is hypothesized to have been driven by _________
whereas the evolution of whales were driven by____________. - Answers-Changes in
the climate and ecosystems, Changes in the biosphere.
The transition from the Paleozoic fauna to Modern fauna is often thought of as
________. - Answers-The Mesozoic Marine Revolution
How are dinosaurs distinguished from other Archosauria? - Answers-By their pelvic
structure and orientation of their femoral head.
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