EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
BIO 669 Innate Immunity Exam
Questions and Answers
______/_______/_________ immunity: physical, mechanical, biochemical barriers. This is the
_______ line of defense
Prevent __________ from bacteria
Includes ________, chemicals like _______, defensins, _________ - Answer✔✔-
Innate/Natural/Native
first
penetration
skin, sweat, lysozyme
___________ is the second line of defense - Answer✔✔-inflammation
______________/_____________/_____________ is the third line of defense - Answer✔✔-
Adaptive/acquired/specific
Physical barriers in the first line of defense:
________-
___________ of the GI/GU/respiratory tracts
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____________ of cells, the pathogen is sloughed off with dead skin cells
___________ &_________ eliminates irritants
____________-urine
____________-clear out potential problems from GI tract
__________& ___________- used in airway to trap particles and cilia can help move mucous up
to esophagus, put in GI tract and broken down through the action of digestion - Answer✔✔-skin
linings
sloughing
sneezing and coughing
flushing
vomiting
cilia and mucous
1st line of defense includes the ________ cell (same as below)
Saliva, earwax, tears, sweat and mucous are all secreted by the _____________ cell.
Antimicrobial peptides: cathelicidins, definsins, collectins, mannose-binding lectin - Answer✔✔-
epithelial
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The 1st line of defense also includes: A normal ___________ includes each surface being
colonized by bacteria and fungi that is unique to the particular location and individual. -
Answer✔✔-microbiome
The 2nd line of defense: ___________ response. It is the _______ immune response to an
injury.
It is specific/nonspecific, caused by a variety of materials:
____________, tissue necrosis, trauma, injury, foreign bodies, immune reaction, ischemia, etc.
Local S&S:
redness-___________, heat-____________, swelling-___________-, pain, loss of function -
Answer✔✔-inflammatory response
first
infection
rubor-redness, callor-heat, swelling-tumor
2nd line of defense: The inflammatory response includes
1. Blood vessel ___________-
2. Increased/Decreased vascular ___________ & ____________-
3. WBC __________ to the inner walls of the vessels and __________ through the vessels -
Answer✔✔-dilation
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Increased vascular permeability & leakage
adhere, migrate
The vascular response of blood vessel dilation is brought on by ______________, serotonin, and
__________ that all increase vascular ____________-, decrease linkage between cells, allow for
pericellular movement, allow for leakage of fluid and proteins into the __________ from the
___________, increasing fluid movement into the __________, bringing _____ & _________,
inc bf, inc redness to area which serves the purpose of improving temperature for enzyme
function, for healing, fighting pathogens, diluting toxins, increasing ___________ to the area,
increasing ____________ __________ to allow for potential id of these pathogens. -
Answer✔✔-histamines, bradykinin, permeability
tissues
vasculature
tissues
heat
swelling
oxygen
lymphatic drainage
goals of inflammation (2nd immune response)
-Prevent & limit further damage
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