ATSC 113 SNOW EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Course
2024/2025
Institution
2024/2025
ATSC 113 SNOW EXAM STUDY GUIDE
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
High pressure - Answer-also known as a high pressure system or an anticyclone, is a region
where pressure is higher than in surrounding regions (includes bluebird powder days, bluebird
spring skiing days, best glacier travel days)
Isobars ...
Flat light - Answer✔✔-Increasing high clouds (with the approach of a low pressure system) can
lead to flat light, where the clouds diffuse the light, and the snow surface no longer has any
definition.
air pressure - Answer✔✔-air pressure decreases as height increases
weak pressure gradient - Answer✔✔-the winds will be light. This is because pressure differences
drive airflow. When those differences are small, air flow is weak. On a pressure map, the weaker
the pressure gradient, the further apart the isobars will be.
interpolation. - Answer✔✔-Suppose you know a quantity such as temperature at each of two
locations, but you want the temperature for an in-between location. The process of estimating
that quantity at the in-between location is called
free-air temperature - Answer✔✔-is the temperature at a particular level of the atmosphere,
assuming no heating or cooling effects from the surface
dry adiabatic conditions - Answer✔✔-temperature decreases with height at a rate of about
10°C per 1000 metres (dry adiabatic lapse rate = 9.8°C/km). It's generally appropriate to assume
a dry adiabatic lapse rate when the modelled atmosphere is not close to saturation (below 80%
relative humidity), and (a) if the winds are moderate or strong (~40 km/h or greater), (b) in the
daytime during the spring, or (c) in some cases during the afternoon on sunny winter days. If
the humidity is exactly 80%, then look at surrounding areas to see if humidities are generally
drier than 80%.
gradient - Answer✔✔-is a change in a property, such as temperature, over a distance
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