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NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology Exam 1 Study Guide: UPDATE /COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ( 100% CORRECT) Northeastern University $0.00

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NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology Exam 1 Study Guide: UPDATE /COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ( 100% CORRECT) Northeastern University

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NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology Exam 1 Study Guide: UPDATE /COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ( 100% CORRECT) Northeastern University

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  • October 16, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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10/16/24, 11:07 AM NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology Exam 1 Study Guide: 2024-2025 UPDATE /COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS…




NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology
Exam 1 Study Guide: 2024-2025 UPDATE
/COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS ( 100% CORRECT) Northeastern
University


Terms in this set (234)

A condition in which the blood is deficient in red
Anemia
blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.

Hematopoiesis production of blood cells

somatic skeletal muscle cells

Dendtrites receives stimulus

Carry impulses away from the cell body, pass stimuli
Axons
to the next cell

HR and BP decrease, blood flow to muscle
decreases, bronchus diameter decreases, pupil
Parasympathetic
diameter decreases, urinary spchincter decreases,
digestion and urinary bladder tone increase

HR and BP increase, blood flow to muscle increases,
bronchus diameter increases, pupil diameter
Sympathetic
increases, urinary spchincter increases, digestion
and urinary bladder tone decrease

the first neuron in a series that transmits impulses
preganglionic neuron
from the CNS

the second neuron in a series that transmits impulses
postganglionic neuron
from the CNS

Alpha 1 vasoconstriction



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,10/16/24, 11:07 AM NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology Exam 1 Study Guide: 2024-2025 UPDATE /COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS…

alpha 2 inhibit neurotransmitter release

beta 1 increased HR and contraction, heart

lungs, broncodilation, inhibit GI motility and
Beta 2
mictrition

regulates fat breakdown, thermogenesis, bladder/
Beta 3
adipose tissue

○ Afferent/sensory neurons
PNS (peripheral nervous ■ Impulses to the CNS
system) ○ Efferent/motor neurons
■ Impulses from the CNS

CNS (central nervous ○ Brain and spinal cord
system)

cardiac and smooth muscle, glands
autonomic ○ Sympathetic - fight/flight
○ Parasympathetic - rest/digest

send signal across synapses
Neurotransmitters ○ Excitatory or inhibitory
○ Amino acids, peptides, monoamines

preganglionic acetylcholine binds cholinergic nicotinic receptors

○ Sympathetic: mostly epinephrine, norepinephrine-
binding adrenergic receptors
postganglionic
○ Parasympathetic: acetylcholine-binding
cholinergic muscarinic receptors

○ Ɑ1: constrict blood vessels
○ Ɑ2: inhibit neurotransmitter release
bind adrenergic
○ β1: increase heart rate and contraction
receptors
○ β2: bronchodilation, inhibit GI motility, micturition
○ β3: regulates fat breakdown, thermogenesis




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, 10/16/24, 11:07 AM NRSG 2350 pathophysiology & pharmacology Exam 1 Study Guide: 2024-2025 UPDATE /COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS…

Alpha 1
● Found in blood vessels, iris, bladder
● Cause vasoconstriction → increased BP
● Dilates pupils
● Increased closure of internal sphincter (urethra)
Alpha receptors
Alpha 2
● Located on nerve membranes
● Control the release of NE
● Decrease in SNS activity
● Decreased BP and HR

Beta 1
● Mostly in heart
● Stimulation → increased myocardial activity and
HR
● Beta 1 = 1 heart
Beta Receptors
Beta 2
● Lungs, uterine muscle, smooth muscles of blood
vessels, liver-releases glucose
● Stimulation → dilate airways, lower BP
● Beta 2 = 2 lungs

Released from:
○ autonomic preganglionic neurons
○ parasympathetic postganglionic neurons
○ somatic motor neurons

cholinergic
Nicotinic: postganglionic autonomic neurons,
neurotransmitter
skeletal muscle cells
Muscarinic receptors: slow the heart, stimulate GI
tract
Neurotransmitter removed from synapse by
acetylcholinesterase




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