Exam (elaborations)
Bioethics Midterm #1 with verified Solutions | Latest updated | Rated A+
- Course
- Institution
Bioethics Midterm #1 with verified Solutions | Latest updated | Rated A+
[Show more]
Content preview
Bioethics Midterm #1 with verified Solutions | Latestupdated | Rated A+
Difference Principle - ✔✔*The second of Rawls two principles of justice: "Social and
economic inequalities should be arranged so they are both:
A) The greatest benefit of the least advantaged person and,
B) Attached to offices and positions open to all under conditions of equality of opportunity."
Consent - ✔✔To permit, approve, or agree; comply or yield
Assent - ✔✔To give in, to agree or to cooperate (to concur)
Clinical Trial Phases - ✔✔Phase I: small number of people (10-80 ppl), evaluate safety, identify
side effects, determine safe dose. aim of he trial is NOT to test the effectiveness of the therapy
Pase II: investigators test the treatment (100-300 ppl) to determine whether the therapy is
effective and to further test its safety. Safety and effectiveness measured
Phase III: Investigators test the therapy in a larger number (1000-3000 ppl) to confirm its
effectiveness, montor side effects, compare to accepted therapies & collect data
Phase IV: Investigators college data about the therapy's side effects after the therapy has
become established as a standard treatment. Aim is to refine the use of therapy and
improve safety
*Phase I= healthy human volunteers, Phase II= patients who might be expected to benefit
from it
, Informed Consent - ✔✔*No more than agreement "yes"
*Valid consent requires that we deliberate before we decide- both information
and understanding
*Some people say, *** is at worst a pointless charade and at best a polite fiction
*Painents must understand enough about the proposed research and treatment to
deliberate and reach a decision, make it valid
Placebos - ✔✔*In informed consent they are considered essential to determine the true
effectiveness of the drug being tested.. they aren't receiving the best available treatment
*Still have side effects= nervousness, vomiting, loss of appetite, etc.
*Investigators can still test a treatment with known side affects/ what happens with a
new treatment with a possible but not proven effectiveness
Children Consent - ✔✔* Lack phsyical, psychological, and intellectual maturity, nutritional
needs are different, prone to certan types of diseases, suffer diferently from adults in
many treatments, rely a lot on parents
*Parental Consent= what age is a child
*Therapeutic Benefits
*Guidelines- permission, responsibility, supplied with an "advocate" to represent her and his
interest
Children and Placebos - ✔✔*Some children will not receive medical care considered to be
the best. A child who is a subject in such research is then put in a situation in which he or she
is subjected to definite hazard.
*Consequence of doing this would be to restrict the development of new and potentially
more effective medications and treatment techniques- future generations of children would
be deprived of at least some possible medical advances
Paternalism - ✔✔*The view that people often need to be protected from themselves or
their own decisions.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Examsplug. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.24. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75057 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now