,1. A 6-year-old presents with a persistent cough and
wheezing. Which medication is typically first-line in an
emergency management situation for acute asthma
exacerbation in children?
- A. Montelukast
- B. Salbutamol
- C. Beclomethasone
- D. Ipratropium
- Answer: B. Salbutamol
Rationale: Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-agonist
that quickly relieves bronchospasm and is first-line in acute
asthma attacks.
2. A 2-year-old presents with a high fever and a rash.
Which condition is characterized by a "slapped cheek"
appearance?
- A. Roseola
- B. Rubella
- C. Fifth disease (Erythema infectiosum)
- D. Measles
- Answer: C. Fifth disease (Erythema infectiosum)
Rationale: Fifth disease is known for its "slapped
cheek" rash, indicative of parvovirus B19 infection.
, with Kawasaki disease; symptoms often include fever, rash,
conjunctivitis, and oral changes like a strawberry tongue.
4. In managing a child with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,
which of the following labs is most indicative of long-term
glycemic control?
- A. Fasting glucose
- B. Postprandial glucose
- C. Hemoglobin A1c
- D. Serum insulin levels
- Answer: C. Hemoglobin A1c
Rationale: Hemoglobin A1c provides a good estimate
of average blood glucose levels over the previous 2-3
months, making it valuable for assessing long-term control.
5. A parent reports that their child suddenly becomes very
hyperactive after meals. Which condition might you
suspect?
- A. Galactosemia
- B. Phenylketonuria
- C. Hyperinsulinism
- D. Maple syrup urine disease
- Answer: C. Hyperinsulinism
Rationale: Hyperinsulinism can cause postprandial
hypoglycemia, leading to symptoms such as hyperactivity.
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