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BSC 108 EXAM -2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BSC 108: EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSWhat is photosynthetic autotroph? - Answers-Creatures that generate their own organic
matter through photosynthesis.
What is the fluid inside chloroplasts called? - Answers-Stroma.
What are the membranes inside chloroplasts called? - Answers-Thykaloids.
What is the overall equation for photosynthesis? - Answers-6 CO2 + 6 H20 + Light
Energy = C6H12O6 + 6 O2
What is the primary function of pigments in photosynthesis? - Answers-They hold
electrons that gain energy, which is then released and used.
What is the primary pigment used in photosynthesis? - Answers-Chlorophyll A.
Why are leaves green? - Answers-Green is the only color not absorbed during
photosynthesis.
How and where does water enter a plant? - Answers-Water enters hairs on the plant's
roots through osmosis.
How and where does carbon dioxide enter a plant? - Answers-Carbon dioxide enters
plants through small holes on their leaves, called stoma.
The light reactions take place in three stages. Name the stages and summarize the
events of each stage. - Answers-Absorption of Light, where sunlight is taken in by the
plant through chlorophylls; Electron Transport, where electrons travel in the thylakoid
membrane to transport the sunlight energy for conversion; and Generation of ATP,
where the sunlight energy is converted into energy for the plant.
What are all the products of the light reactions? - Answers-ATP, NADPH, and oxygen.
The Calvin Cycle has three main stages. Name the stages and summarize the events of
each stage. - Answers-Carbon Fixation, where plants attach carbon dioxide to a
chemical to start photosynthesis; Reduction Phase, where energy reacts with chemicals
to create simple sugars; and Carbohydrate Formation, where carbohydrates are
produced.
What are all the produces in the Calvin cycle? - Answers-Glucose, ADP, P, and NADP+.
Give two examples of plants that use C4 photosynthesis. - Answers-Corn and Sugar
Cane.
, What environmental factor is C4 photosynthesis an adaptation for? - Answers-Plants in
hot, dry areas.
Contrast carbon fixation in C4 and CAM plants. - Answers-C4 plants separate carbon
fixation from the Calvin cycle spatially, whereas CAM plants do so using time.
List the inputs of Glycolysis. - Answers-2 ATP and Glucose.
List the outputs of Glycolysis. - Answers-2 pyruvic acid and 4 ATP.
Is oxygen required for Glycolysis? - Answers-No.
The second stage of cellular respiration is the citric acid cycle. Where in the cell does
the citric acid cycle take place? - Answers-The mitochondrion.
List the inputs of the Citric Acid Cycle. - Answers-Acetic acid, ADP+P, 3 NAD+, and
FAD.
List the outputs of the Citric Acid Cycle. - Answers-2 CO2, ATP, 3 NADH, and FADH2.
The third stage of cellular respiration is electron transport. Where in the cell does
electron transport take place? - Answers-The mitochondria.
What are the inputs of Electron Transport? - Answers-NADH, FADH2, and O2.
What are the outputs of Electron Transport? - Answers-NAD2, FAD, ATP, and H2O.
Is oxygen required for electron transport? - Answers-Yes.
Which stage of cellular respiration generates the most ATP? - Answers-Electron
Transport.
Describe fermentation in human muscle cells. - Answers-Muscles produce lactic acid so
that they can keep operating for a short time without oxygen.
Describe fermentation in microorganisms. - Answers-Produces CO2 and Ethyl Alcohol
as a result of anaerobically harvesting food energy.
What is the equation for aerobic cellular respiration? - Answers-Glucose + Oxygen -->
CO2 + H20 + ATP
What is the equation for anaerobic cellular respiration in yeast. - Answers-Glucose -->
Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
What is asexual reproduction? - Answers-Involves only on individual and produces
offspring that are genetically identical to the parent and each other.
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