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Earth Systems Exam 3 Questions with Latest Update

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  • Course
  • Earth\\\'s Systems
  • Institution
  • Earth\\\'s Systems

Which of the following minerals is most susceptible to chemical weathering via dissolution and most likely to be destroyed? - Answer-Calcite Which of the following statements regarding heat flow on Earth is TRUE? - Answer-Heat flow, as measured on Earth's surface, is higher along mid-ocean ridge...

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  • October 15, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Earth's Systems
  • Earth's Systems
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lectknancy
Earth Systems Exam 3 Questions with
Latest Update
Which of the following minerals is most susceptible to chemical weathering via
dissolution and most likely to be destroyed? - Answer-Calcite

Which of the following statements regarding heat flow on Earth is TRUE? - Answer-Heat
flow, as measured on Earth's surface, is higher along mid-ocean ridges and other
volcanically active regions but lower within the interiors of stable continents.

For the figure below, which letter corresponds to the epicenter of the earthquake? -
Answer-Site B

Earth's overall density is calculated to be 5.52 grams per cubic centimeter. However,
crustal rocks only give densities around 2.9 grams per cubic centimeter. Where is the
excess density? - Answer-Iron in Earth's core

The figure below illustrates the motion of ____________ - Answer-P-Waves

The bending of seismic waves when passing through Earth's interior is called
_________ - Answer-Refraction

The bending of seismic waves when passing through Earth's interior is due to changes
in wave ____________ when encountering different Earth materials. - Answer-Velocity

The Moho is the boundary between the ________ and _________ -
Answer-Crust/Upper Mantle

What happens to S-waves as they pass through the asthenosphere? - Answer-S-waves
slow down because of the presence of a few percent partial melt

What happens to P- and S-waves when encountering transition zones at 400 km and
700 km depths? - Answer-They speed up due to density increases in mantle rock
resulting from phase changes in minerals.

What changes in P- and S-waves occur when encountering the outer core that lead
scientists to conclude that this layer is composed of liquid iron? - Answer-S-waves
cannot pass through the outer core while P-waves slow down significantly when passing
through this layer.

The upper mantle is composed largely of a rock called ___________. - Answer-
Peridotite

, P-wave shadow zones are regions on Earth's surface where... - Answer-No P-waves
are detected by seismometers.

Circulation of liquid iron in the outer core is thought to be responsible for Earth's
_____________ - Answer-Magnetic field

Which of the following statements is true for minerals? - Answer-A given mineral has a
specific crystal structure and chemical composition.

Which of the following statements regarding silicate minerals is false? - Answer-Silicate
tetrahedra can bond with cations but not with other tetrahedra.

Which of the following is NOT a silicate mineral? - Answer-Hematite

The mineral calcite belongs to which of the following mineral groups? - Answer-
Carbonates

What distinguishes the native element minerals from the other mineral groups? -
Answer-Native element minerals are comprised of only one element

Which of the following pairs of minerals belong to the same mineral group? - Answer-
Gypsum and anhydrite

According to the Rock Cycle, which of the following is the first stage in converting a
metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock? - Answer-Uplift and exposure

Which of the following statements regarding the Rock Cycle is FALSE? - Answer-Only
igneous rocks can be uplifted and exposed to weathering.

Which of the following statements regarding cooling rates of magma is TRUE? -
Answer-Magma crystallizing deep in the crust cools slowly and forms large crystals.

What are the two dominant igneous intrusions illustrated below? - Answer-Sill and dike

A magma rich in dissolved gases will produce... - Answer-explosive eruptions and
volcanic ash

A light-colored igneous rock with abundant quartz and potassium feldspar is probably
________ in composition. - Answer-Felsic

A low-viscosity magma most likely... - Answer-Has low silica content

Which of the following is NOT a direct product of weathering? - Answer-Water

Detrital (clastic) sedimentary rocks... - Answer-Are composed of particles of pre-existing
rocks.

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