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Chem 103 Exam 1 review - UW Madison questions with complete solutions
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Chem 103 Exam 1 review - UW Madisonquestions with complete solutions
What is an acid? - correct answer -solution has an excess of H+ ions
What is a base? - correct answer -solution has an excess of hydroxyl ions (OH-)
What is neutralization? - correct answer --process where acid and base are mixed until they become
neutral and the PH is 7.
What are the two products of a neutralization chemical reaction? - correct answer -water and salt ( The
type of salt depends on acid or base added to neutralize.)
What is a weak acid? - correct answer -an acid that only partially ionizes in an aqueous solution. This
means that not every molecule breaks apart.
pH - correct answer -is a measurement of how acidic or how basic a solution is.
Why is pH important to biology? - correct answer -Cells survive in a specific pH range.
Human blood is maintain at 7pH for homostasis.
The stomach has acids to break down food.
Bile from the liver is a base which breaks down fats & grease.
What is a buffer? - correct answer -a substance to help to neutralize/balance pH levels.
What are pH indicators? - correct answer -They are used to tell you the pH value.
Examples are phenalphelein and bromthymol blue.
What are the properties of an acid? - correct answer -taste sour, conduct electricity, corrosive, reacts
with metals, turns litmus paper red.
,Give examples of acids - correct answer -HCL which is in your stomack.
Sulfuric acid which is used a lot in industries to make fertilzers, paints, etc.
Tums antacid used to neutralize stomach acids.
What are some uses of bases? - correct answer -soaps and cleaning products
used in batteries
What are some examples of bases? - correct answer -lye used to make soap.
Liquid plummer used for clogged drains. Baking Soda and Baking powder
What is the main neutral substance? - correct answer -water
How is a salt chemically formed? - correct answer -When you add acid or base to neutralize a solution
the products formed are water and salts.
A change in pH units represents a tenfold change in the acidity of the solution (logarithmic scale). If one
solution has a pH of 1 and a second solution has a pH of 2, the first solution is not twice as acidic a the
second it is ______times more acidic. - correct answer -ten (logarithmic)
What is a pH scale? - correct answer -a logarithmic scale that indicates the pH of a solution. It ranges
from 0 - 14.
On the pH scale, what numbers represent an acid? - correct answer -0-6
On the pH scale, what numbers represent a base? - correct answer -8-14
On the pH scale, what number represents a neutral solution? - correct answer -7
,What is a weak acid? - correct answer -An acid that only partially ionizes (breaks down) in a solution.
Weak acids are close to 7pH
What is a weak base? - correct answer -A weak base will only parttally ionize in a solution. This means
that not every molecule breaks apart.
What is a chemical change? - correct answer -When a change in composition occurs giving new
substances with new properties.
Example when wood changes to carbon. Wood and carbon do not have similar properties.
WHat is a physical change? - correct answer -When a change does NOT change the composition.
What are indicators of a chemical change? - correct answer -Observations such as what you see( color
change, precipitant (solids in solutions)
Hear-boom Smell Taste-sour/sweet Feel-hot or cold.
Also, bubbles indicate gas..
What is the law of conservation of mass? - correct answer -Mass is not created nor destroyed.
What is a chemical formula? - correct answer --chemical symbols represent molecules with subscripts to
represent the number of that element.
NaCl represents table salt.
Reactants are on the right or left of the -> (yield) sign in a chemical equation. - correct answer -left
Products are on the left or right of the ->(yield) sign in a chemical equation. - correct answer -right
What does the -> represent in a chemical equation? - correct answer -yield or to produce
What is a chemical equation? - correct answer -It represents with chemical formulas a chemical
change/reaction.
, When one molecule splits apart and switch places this is called a __ reaction. - correct answer -
replacement type of chemical reaction
What is a reactant in a chemical equation? - correct answer -They are substances that are present
before the chemical change takes place. They are what you put into the chemical reaction to cause a
chemical change.
What is a product in a chemical equation? - correct answer -Chemicals that are formed during the
chemical change.
When energy is absorbed in a chemical reaction it is a __reaction. - correct answer -endothermic
When energy is released in a cheicial reaction it is a __reaction> - correct answer -exothermic ( usually in
the form of heat)
What does a neutralization chemical reaction produce? - correct answer -water and salt
A chemical reaction is when a __ change has occurred. - correct answer -chemical
What happens to the old molecules in a chemical reaction? - correct answer -They rearrange into new
molecules
What is activation energy? - correct answer -The energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
What is a coefficient? - correct answer -The number in front of a chemical formula which tells how many
of that molecules is needed to balance the chemical equation.
Chemical reactions will produce - correct answer -new substances.
A __ represents a chemical reaction - correct answer -chemical equation
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