NWHSU Immunology Final Exam Questions Correct Answers Current Update (A+ Pass)
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NWHSU Immunology Final Exam Questions Correct Answers Current Update (A+ Pass)
What type of cells are in acquired immunity? - Answers - T and B lymphocytes
What type of cells are in Innate immunity? - Answers - All other WBC's
Innate immunity sends a _____________ attack on invaders - Answ...
NWHSU Immunology Final Exam
Questions Correct Answers
Current Update (A+ Pass)
What type of cells are in acquired immunity? - Answers -✔✔ T and B lymphocytes
What type of cells are in Innate immunity? - Answers -✔✔ All other WBC's
Innate immunity sends a _____________ attack on invaders - Answers -✔✔ Non-
specific
Acquired immunity sends a _____________ attack on invaders - Answers -✔✔
Specific
This type of immunity recognizes and responds to molecular patterns of groups of
microorganisms. - Answers -✔✔ Innate Immunity
This type of immunity recognized and responds to very specific molecular structures of
species or even strains. - Answers -✔✔ Acquired immunity
Name the components of the 1st line of defense - Answers -✔✔ Tight junctions in cells
of skin and mucous membranes, cilia in respiratory tract
Name the cells that are involved in the 2nd line of defense - Answers -✔✔ Neutrophils,
monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, NK lymphocytes
What are the processes involved in the 2nd line of defense? - Answers -✔✔
Complement, inflammation, phagocytosis
Name the cells involved in the 3rd line of defense. - Answers -✔✔ B and T
lymphocytes
What are the processes involved in the 3rd line of defense? - Answers -✔✔ Antibodies
and cytotoxic T cell response
Give an example where cells/functions of 2nd line defense collaborate with
cells/function of the 3rd line of defense. - Answers -✔✔ Dendritic cells and
macrophages (2nd line) presenting antigen to T cells (3rd line)
, Give an example where cells/functions of 2nd line defense embedded in cells/function
of the 1st line of defense. - Answers -✔✔ Dendritic cells (2nd line) are embedded in
skin and mucous membranes of 1st line
Give two examples where cells/functions of 3rd line defense collaborate with
cells/function of the 2nd line of defense. - Answers -✔✔ 1) Tc cells (3rd line)
summoning NK cells (2nd line) for help
2) Antibody-antigen complex (3rd line) upregulating complement (2nd line)
3) Antibodies (3rd line) acting as opsonins to attract neutrophils and macorphages
Tc cells of the 3rd line summon which cells of the 2nd line of defense for help? -
Answers -✔✔ NK cells
Antibodies in the 3rd line of defense acting as opsonins attract what from the 2nd line? -
Answers -✔✔ neutrophils and macrophages
Give examples of the properties of skin and mucous membranes that create the 1st line
of defense. - Answers -✔✔ - Tight junction between cells - physical barrier
- Layer of dead keratinized cells on skin - physical barrier
- Frequent shedding of cells - removal of attached pathogens
- Mucous - traps pathogens
- Cilia - mechanically removes pathogens
lysozyme (in mucous, sweat, tears) - breaks down peptidoglycan and causes lysis of
gram positive bacteria
- stomach acid - kills many pathogens
How do normal flora microbes contribute to defending our body at the first line of
defense? - Answers -✔✔ - They compete for nutrients
- Produce acids that lower pH (leads to less favorable growth condition)
- Produce antibiotics
How does saliva contribute to the first line of defense? - Answers -✔✔ Contains lytic
enzymes
How does stomach acid contribute to the first line of defense? - Answers -✔✔ Low pH
is detrimental to many pathogens
How does gastroferritin contribute to the first line of defense? - Answers -✔✔
sequesters iron, which is a critical nutrient for bacterial growth
How does bile contribute to the first line of defense? - Answers -✔✔ solubilizes lipids
How does intestinal secretions contribute to the first line of defense? - Answers -✔✔
Lytic enzymes break down biomolecules at surface of microorganism
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