CSET Social Science Subtest 2
Questions And Answers With Verified
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Arctic Indians - ANSWER✔✔- Eskimo and Inuit.
- Hunting, gathering, and fishing.
- Seal meat = primary source of sustenance.
Plains Indians - ANSWER✔✔- Sioux, Pawnee, Crow, Wichita
- Most well known
- used to incorrectly represent others
- The teepee dwelling
- Both agriculture and nomadic tribes, with trade between them
- After horses from Europe, most became migratory bison/buffalo hunters.
Northeast/Great Lakes Indians - ANSWER✔✔- Includes Iriqous and Algonquin;
relied on each other but also warred with each other
- The tribes that encountered the Pilgrims
- Iriquois League inspired the 13 colonies to come together
- Matrilineal social structure
- Women do crops, men hunt and fish
- slash and burn agriculture
- Used lumber to make homes
Iriquois - ANSWER✔✔- known by the British as the "Five Nations," were a
confederation of five (later six) distinct tribes who maintained a permanent peace
and military alliance with each other.
,- inter tribal warfare with algonquin tribes, in which Europeans often took sides
Southwest Indians - ANSWER✔✔- Hopi, Apache, Navajo
- often falsely portrayed as being similar to tribes from the plains
- Tribes living in a dry climate, desert farming without irrigation
- 2 basic lifestyles: farming (Hopi) and nomadic (apache, navajo); became closely
tied to horse riding after that were introduced
- subsisted primarily by maize (corn) agriculture
- Some cliff dwellings for defense against attack, some large apartment complexes
out of mud bricks.
Southeast Indians - ANSWER✔✔- Cherokee, Choctaw, Chicksaw, Creek Semiole
- Referred to as the "5 civilized tribes"; many adopted the customs of the colonies
- Were victims of the Trail of Tears
- relied primarily on settled agriculture for food production; hunting and fishing
were second.
- Various kinds of houses, including thatched roofs + large cities
North West Coast - ANSWER✔✔- Tilamook
- Had oceans, ricers, and forests
- Food for a dense population and materials for building
- Affluent/highly complex society
- Social structure based on material possessions
Indians in general - ANSWER✔✔- had distinct gender roles
- women do agriculture and men hunt
,Effect of Colonization on Natives - ANSWER✔✔- disease (small pox), war,
slavery
- around 90% of all native americans
- Worst in south/central america, but took longer to reach north america
- natives dependent on trade to get more advanced weapons/metals
- natives aquired horses, transformed tribes in less than a generation
Emergence of the 13 Colonies - ANSWER✔✔- 16th century England was
tumultuous; food shortage and loss of some jobs
- Mercantilism: competitive economic policies that pushed for getting as many
colonies as possible
- Joint stock companies: London Company, Plymouth Company, split up the
Atlantic Seaboard
James Town, Virginia - ANSWER✔✔- 1st real colony
- colonists had a rough time; so busy looking for gold and other exportable
resources that they could barely feed themselves.
- It was not until 1616, when Virginia's settlers learned how to grow tobacco, that it
seemed the colony might survive.
- Soon after they began importing slaves.
Maryland - ANSWER✔✔- Similar economy as Jamestown, but led by catholics. -
Became known for religious toleration for all.
New England Colonies - ANSWER✔✔- Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode
Island, New Hampshire
, - Puritan Separatists (Pilgrims)
- Multiple colonies became developed in this area, all with different religious
purposes.
- With the help of local natives, they got the hang of farming, fishing and hunting
Middle Colonies - ANSWER✔✔- New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
- became some of the most diverse and prosperous colonies;
The Quakers - ANSWER✔✔- Lured by the fertile soil and the religious toleration
that Penn promised
- Like their Puritan counterparts in New England, most of these emigrants paid
their own way to the colonies-they were not indentured servants
- had enough money to establish themselves when they arrived.
Southern Colonies - ANSWER✔✔- farmers in the north, planters in the south.
Many involved in the slave trade.
Social Structures in Colonies - ANSWER✔✔- gentry (had voting rights and
property)
- middle class (could own property; worked in skilled jobs; the largest class)
-poor (people who could not afford to pay for the trip over; indentured servants /
slaves).
- Both men and women worked
Who made up the colonies? - ANSWER✔✔- Colonists were recruited from among
middle-class farmers, artisans, and tradesmen.
-Indentured servants