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Biology 1305 Exam 4 Notes with 100- correct answers(100- accuracy)
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Biology 1305 Exam 4 Notes with 100- correct answers(100- accuracy)
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Biology 1305 Exam 4Notes with 100%
correct answers(100%
accuracy)
what is the process of a dominant allele expressing a phenotype - answer
dominant allele -> mRNA -> enzyme -> phenotype
incomplete dominance - answer when the phenotype of F1 hybrids is
somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties
codominance - answer two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in
separate, distinguishable ways
pleiotropy - answer when one gene influences two or more seemingly
unrelated phenotypic traits
epistasis - answer a gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression
of a gene at a second locus
quantitative characters - answer characters that vary in the population
along a continuum (a gradient of blending)
polygenic inheritance - answer an additive effect of two or more genes on
a single phenotype
multifactorial (2) - answer 1. traits that depend on multiple genes
combined with environmental influences
, 2. # of gene factors + # of environmental factors = phenotype
sex-linked genes - answer genes on sex chromosomes
SRY (3) - answer 1. Sex-determining Region on the Y
2. responsible for development of the testes by encoding TDF (Testis-
Determining Factor) protein
3. makes the phenotype male no matter the genotype
what must happen for a recessive X-linked trait to be expressed (2) -
answer 1. a female needs 2 copies of the allele (homozygous)
2. a male only needs 1 copy of the allele (hemizygous)
linked genes - answer genes located on the same chromosome that tend
to be inherited together
parental types - answer offspring with a phenotype matching one of the
parental phenotypes
recombinants - answer offspring with nonparental phenotypes
linkage group - answer a set of genes at different loci on the same gene
that, except for crossing over, tend to be inherited together
nondisjunction (2) - answer 1. pairs of homologous chromosomes do not
separate normally during meiosis
2. one gamete gets an extra chromosome and another gets no copy
aneuploidy (2) - answer 1. results from the fertilization of gametes in
which nondisjunction occurred
2. abnormal number of a particular chromosome
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